《四世同堂》惯用语研究
发布时间：2018-10-23 09:57
【摘要】：《四世同堂》是中国现当代长篇小说的杰出代表，语言成就极高。其中的惯用语不仅数量可观，而且种类各异，生命力强，富有特色，本文在搜集整理《四世同堂》惯用语的基础上，采用对比、统计和认知的方法对《四世同堂》中出现的230条惯用语（不计重复）的结构、语义等特征进行了描写和分析， 惯用语作为和歇后语、成语、谚语、俗语平行的熟语单位，在语汇单位中占有重要的地位，但长期以来，有关惯用语的界定一直存在很大的分歧。因此，本文在第一部分绪论中首先对当前惯用语研究的现状作了分析比较，作了界定，认为惯用语是结构完整、构成成分相对稳定，音节数在三到四个之间，意义具有双层性，口语色彩较强烈，感情色彩分明，具有一定的修辞功能的的描述性语言单位。 第二部分分析了《四世同堂》惯用语的主要来源和结构特点。搜集到的语料显示，《四世同堂》的惯用语来源广泛，包括众多的社会和历史用语。我们对惯用语进行内部分类：首先根据内部成分之间的语法关系进行分类，然后按照惯用语能否插入其他成分将其再分类，对于能插入其他成分的，，根据插入成分的不同进行细分类。 第三部分分析了《四世同堂》惯用语的语义和修辞。该部分首先从特征和语义构成手段两方面分析了《四世同堂》惯用语的语义。在修辞方面，重点从功能和作用方面对《四世同堂》惯用语进行了探讨、分析，认为其惯用语在形象标示、态度和风格标示功能上都起到很好的修辞效果。 第四部分具体分析了《四世同堂》惯用语的语法功能类型和在句子中的具体功能，我们认为惯用语的语法作用相当于词，可以充当句子的各种成分。
[Abstract]:Four generations together is an outstanding representative of modern and contemporary Chinese novels. The idioms are not only of considerable quantity, but also of different types, strong vitality and distinctive features. This paper, on the basis of collecting and sorting out the idioms of "four generations together", adopts a contrast. The statistical and cognitive methods describe and analyze the structural and semantic features of 230 idioms (excluding repetition), which are used as colloquial phrases, idioms, proverbs, etc. Idiom units with parallel idioms play an important role in lexical units, but for a long time, there have been great differences in the definition of idioms. Therefore, in the first part of the introduction, this paper analyzes and compares the present situation of idiom research, and defines the idiom as structural integrity, relatively stable composition, three to four syllables, and double meaning. A descriptive language unit with a certain rhetorical function. The second part analyzes the main sources and structural characteristics of idioms. The collected data show that the idioms of "four generations together" come from a wide range of sources, including many social and historical terms. We classify idioms internally: first, according to the grammatical relationships between the internal components, then subclassify the idioms according to whether they can be inserted into other components, for those that can insert other components. Subdivide the classes according to the inserted components. The third part analyzes the semantics and rhetoric of idioms. This part first analyzes the semantics of idioms from the aspects of features and semantic means. In the aspect of rhetoric, the author probes into the idioms of "four generations together" from the aspects of function and function, and points out that the idioms play a good rhetorical effect in the functions of image, attitude and style. The fourth part analyzes the grammatical function types of idioms and their specific functions in sentences. We think that idioms have the grammatical function of words and can act as various components of sentences.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I207.42;H136
本文编号：2288887
[Abstract]:Four generations together is an outstanding representative of modern and contemporary Chinese novels. The idioms are not only of considerable quantity, but also of different types, strong vitality and distinctive features. This paper, on the basis of collecting and sorting out the idioms of "four generations together", adopts a contrast. The statistical and cognitive methods describe and analyze the structural and semantic features of 230 idioms (excluding repetition), which are used as colloquial phrases, idioms, proverbs, etc. Idiom units with parallel idioms play an important role in lexical units, but for a long time, there have been great differences in the definition of idioms. Therefore, in the first part of the introduction, this paper analyzes and compares the present situation of idiom research, and defines the idiom as structural integrity, relatively stable composition, three to four syllables, and double meaning. A descriptive language unit with a certain rhetorical function. The second part analyzes the main sources and structural characteristics of idioms. The collected data show that the idioms of "four generations together" come from a wide range of sources, including many social and historical terms. We classify idioms internally: first, according to the grammatical relationships between the internal components, then subclassify the idioms according to whether they can be inserted into other components, for those that can insert other components. Subdivide the classes according to the inserted components. The third part analyzes the semantics and rhetoric of idioms. This part first analyzes the semantics of idioms from the aspects of features and semantic means. In the aspect of rhetoric, the author probes into the idioms of "four generations together" from the aspects of function and function, and points out that the idioms play a good rhetorical effect in the functions of image, attitude and style. The fourth part analyzes the grammatical function types of idioms and their specific functions in sentences. We think that idioms have the grammatical function of words and can act as various components of sentences.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：I207.42;H136
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