蒯因翻译不确定性论题的哲学阐释

发布时间：2018-11-19 08:17

【摘要】：威拉德·奥曼·蒯因(Willard Van Orman Quine)(1908-2000)是20世纪下半叶美国著名的哲学家、数理逻辑学家，是现代分析哲学的主要代表人物之一。在过去的半个世纪中，蒯因的翻译不确定性论题困扰了一大批的专家学者。因此，人们对该论题的关注程度很高，关于它的解读俯拾皆是。毋庸置疑，哲学是无解的，对于同一论题的解读，仁者见仁，智者见智；即便是在同一读者的眼中，对于同一论题，亦有可能产生不同的解读。蒯因翻译不确定性论题的内容是什么，它同与之相关的论题之间有着怎样千丝万缕的联系，其来源又是什么，不同的学者们众说纷纭。本文从蒯因本人的著作以及相关论述出发，对翻译不确定性这个哲学命题进行了相对客观的阐释，一方面，可以通过纠正读者们一些明显的误读，消除人们对此论题的一些偏见；另一方面，能够加深与拓宽读者们对该论题的理解。具体而言，我们不妨把蒯因的翻译不确定性论题比作一个点，若是要对这个点进行相对全面的哲学阐释，那么，有两个步骤不可或缺。步骤一，该点与其他相关各点所组成的线性关系必须明确，即需要对此论题进行横向哲学阐释。本文通过对论题的横向哲学阐释，揭示了蒯因三种不确定性论题间的关系：(1)在三种不确定性(翻译不确定性，意义不确定性，指称不确定性)中，意义不确定性是逻辑起点；(2)根据不确定性的程度，翻译不确定性可分为：弱的翻译不确定性，强的翻译不确定性，更强的翻译不确定性；(3)指称不确定性则正是强意义上的翻译不确定性。步骤二，线上各点的来龙去脉必须阐明，即需要对此论题进行纵向哲学阐释。之所以要从哲学角度进行阐释，是因为该论题本身就是一个哲学命题，纯粹的解读，非从命题本身的性质出发不可。本文通过对论题的纵向哲学阐释，追溯了蒯因翻译不确定性论题的三大哲学渊源：语言行为主义，，本体论的相对性，意义整体论。此外，本文还把解读过程中的点滴收获，充分映射到翻译理论与实践的研究中去。在蒯因翻译不确定性论题的启示下，首先，应当实现翻译理论研究的语言转向，即回归翻译理论本身，深入挖掘理论所包含的概念的内涵与外延，以及概念与其他相关概念之间的差别与联系；并且，重思蒯因眼中语言的可译性与不可译性。其次，应当充分利用蒯因独特的哲学视角，来解释翻译实践中所出现的各种现象与问题：翻译标准的多重性与翻译方法的多样性。无论是在哲学界，语言学界，还是在翻译研究领域，人们都对蒯因的翻译不确定性论题表现出极大的关注。尽管学者们对此论题的评价褒贬不一，但也由此可见该论题的魅力之所在。可是，根据蒯因本人的相关论述，不难发现，人们对蒯因的翻译不确定性论题仍有一些明显的误读，希望通过对论题及相关内容的探讨，全面而又深刻地把握蒯因的翻译不确定性论题，以追求蒯因之真。
[Abstract]:Willard Van Orman Quine (1908-2000) is a famous philosopher and mathematical logician in the first half of the 20th century. In the past half-century, a large number of scholars and scholars have been plagued by the uncertainty of translation. As a result, there is a high degree of attention to the subject, and the interpretation of it is everywhere. There is no doubt that there is no solution to the philosophy, and for the same topic, it is possible to read the same subject and to be wise; even in the eyes of the same reader, it is possible to produce different interpretations for the same topic. What is the content of the topic of the translation uncertainty is what it is with the topics related to it, what the source is and what the different scholars talk about. In this paper, from the author's work and the related discussion, this paper makes a relative and objective explanation for the philosophical proposition of the translation uncertainty. On the one hand, it is possible to eliminate some bias of the subject by correcting some obvious misreading of the readers and the other. In this respect, it is possible to deepen and broaden the reader's understanding of the subject To understand, in particular, we may wish to liken the topic of the translation uncertainty to a point, and if it is to make a relatively comprehensive philosophical interpretation of the point, there are two steps that are not 1. The linear relationship between the point and other relevant points must be clear, that is, it is necessary to conduct a lateral philosophy on this topic In this paper, through the interpretation of the lateral philosophy of the thesis, this paper reveals the relationship between three kinds of uncertainty: (1) in three kinds of uncertainty (translation uncertainty, meaning uncertainty, referential uncertainty), the meaning uncertainty is the logic (2) According to the degree of uncertainty, the translation uncertainty can be divided into: weak translation uncertainty, strong translation uncertainty, and strong translation uncertainty; (3) the alleged uncertainty is that the translation of the strong sense is not true In step two, the origin of each point on the line must be clarified, that is, it is necessary to carry out the longitudinal philosophy of this topic The reason of the explanation is that the subject is a philosophical proposition, a pure interpretation and a non-proposition from the nature of the proposition itself. This paper, through the interpretation of the longitudinal philosophy of the thesis, traces the three major philosophical sources of the topic of translation uncertainty: the relativity of the language behaviorism and the ontology, and the significance. Body theory. In addition, the article also takes the drop in the process of reading and fully maps to the theory and practice of translation. In the study of translation uncertainty, in the first place, the linguistic turn of the theory of translation should be realized, that is, the theory of regression translation itself, the connotation and the extension of the concept contained in the theory, and the difference between the concept and other relevant concepts. to contact; and to reinterpret the translation of the language in the eye. Second, it should take full advantage of the unique philosophical perspective to explain the various phenomena and problems in translation practice: the multiplicity of translation criteria and the translation The diversity of the law, whether in the field of philosophy, language, or in the field of translation studies, is the subject of the uncertainty of the translation of the translation. This is a great concern. Although the scholars have mixed the evaluation of the subject, it can be seen that this is the case. However, according to the author's related discussion, it is not difficult to find out that there are still some obvious misreading of the translation uncertainty of the subject, and it is hoped to grasp the translation uncertainty of the subject in a comprehensive and profound way through the discussion on the subject and the related contents.
【学位授予单位】：湖南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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