概念整合框架下汉语名词词组的意义建构

发布时间：2018-12-10 14:39

【摘要】：词义一直是国内外语言学界研究的热门问题。在英语语言中,词(word)是语法中能表达意义的最小单位。除非在特定的环境下，否则词下面的语素在语言使用中是不能单独构成意义表达式。所以国外，尤其是英语语言学界对词的研究主要偏向于词的意义(meaning)。汉语里的“词”最早是由《马氏文通》的作者借鉴国外的“word”而翻译过来的，但是汉语的词和英语的词是不对等的。与英语不同的是，汉语的能表达意义的最小单位不是词，而是字。实际上，古汉语中基本上没有词的概念，古汉语大多数用单个的字来表达意义。基于汉语的实际情况，，徐通锵先生提出了“字本位”论，认为字是汉语的基本单位。从这个角度上来说，汉语的词实际上就是汉字的组合，称之为字组似乎更为贴切。本论文就是在徐先生“字本位”的观点上，结合认知语言学中的概念整合理论，对汉语Ｎ＋Ｎ的名词性词组的意义建构进行分析研究。第一章为绪论，主要介绍了本论文的研究对象及后文拟用的理论方法。第二章的研究综述阐述了词的概念和定义，并介绍了国内外对词的研究现状. 第三章为本论文的理论框架。该章介绍了概念整合理论的主要内容和过程，并以和尚谜题为例，对概念整合的过程进行了示范解析。第四章在对比了英汉词汇之后，对汉语自身独具的一些特点进行归纳，以便于下一步的分析研究。第五章为论文的主体部分。该章先介绍了汉语词组的意义，再对汉语名词性词组进行分类，笔者根据概念整合理论，结合词组中的每个字本身的意义及词组中字与字之间的关系，对每一小类的典型性词组的意义构成进行了分析研究。第六章基于前几章的阐述和自身的研究结果，得出以下结论：字为汉语语法的基本单位；汉语名词词组的意义并不是字的原型意义的叠加，字的意义随着组合过程发生变化；意义具有寄生性，有的意义只能寄生在特定的词组里。
[Abstract]:The meaning of words has always been a hot issue in the field of linguistics at home and abroad. In English, the word (word) is the smallest unit of grammar that can express meaning. The morpheme below the word cannot be used separately as a semantic expression except in a specific context. Therefore, the study of words in foreign countries, especially in the field of English linguistics, is mainly biased towards the meaning of word (meaning). The "words" in Chinese were first translated by the author of "word" from abroad, but the words in Chinese and English are not equivalent. Unlike English, the smallest unit of meaning in Chinese is not a word, but a word. In fact, there is basically no word concept in ancient Chinese, and most ancient Chinese use a single word to express meaning. Based on the actual situation of Chinese, Mr. Xu Tongqiang put forward the "character-based" theory, which holds that character is the basic unit of Chinese. From this point of view, the Chinese word is actually a combination of Chinese characters, called the word group seems more appropriate. This thesis is an analysis of the meaning construction of the noun phrase of N + N in Chinese by combining the concept integration theory of cognitive linguistics with the viewpoint of "word standard" of Mr. Xu. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly introduces the research object of this paper and the theory method used in the following article. The second chapter summarizes the concept and definition of words, and introduces the current situation of word research at home and abroad. The third chapter is the theoretical framework of this paper. In this chapter, the main content and process of conceptual integration theory are introduced, and the process of conceptual integration is demonstrated and analyzed by taking the monk puzzle as an example. After comparing English and Chinese vocabulary, the fourth chapter sums up some unique features of Chinese in order to facilitate the next analysis. The fifth chapter is the main part of the thesis. This chapter first introduces the meaning of Chinese phrases, then classifies Chinese nominal phrases. According to the theory of conceptual integration, the author combines the meaning of each word in the phrase and the relationship between the words in the phrase and the word. In this paper, the meaning composition of typical phrases in each subcategory is analyzed and studied. The sixth chapter draws the following conclusions based on the exposition of the previous chapters and its own research results: the word is the basic unit of Chinese grammar; The meaning of Chinese noun phrase is not the superposition of the prototype meaning of the word, the meaning of the word changes with the combination process; the meaning is parasitic, some meanings can only parasitize in the specific phrase.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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