对中美领导人新年致辞的批评隐喻分析
发布时间：2018-12-18 04:58
【摘要】：1980年, LakoffJohnson在合著Metaphors We Live By中突破性地从认知角度诠释隐喻，将隐喻研究范畴从单纯的语言体系转换为人类思维概念系统。Charteris-Black(2004)进一步地提出了新的隐喻理论框架，即批评隐喻分析。通过综合运用批评语篇分析、语料库语言学、认知语言学和语用学的研究方法分析隐喻。批评隐喻分析探讨了隐喻表达与客观语境间的关系，揭示了其背后隐藏的意识形态功能以及社会文化因素。 国内外学者运用批评隐喻分析方法对中美政治语篇中的隐喻进行了一部分研究,然而他们主要关注的是政党、总统就职演说和政治政策等话题,对领导人新年致辞这方面没有进行过相关分析，而事实上领导人新年致辞是一种典型的政治语篇形式。其不仅传达了领导人的新年祝福和希望，还会提及方方面面，比如发表当年的经济形势，民生问题和安全问题等。 本文采用定量研究和定性研究相结合的方法，以概念隐喻理论为基本的理论框架，运用批评性隐喻分析法（包括隐喻识别、隐喻分析和隐喻说明）对比分析了从2003年到2013年中美领导人新年致辞的语料。 本文通过对比研究最近十年中美两国领导人20篇新年致辞中的概念隐喻，本研究解决了以下问题:(1)分别找出了两国新年致辞语篇中典型的概念隐喻;(2)总结了两国新年致辞语篇中隐喻的异同点并揭示出其隐含的深层因素。本文对比研究证明：一方面，英语政治领导人演讲语篇和汉语政治领导人演讲语篇中存在相同或相似的概念隐喻并非偶然，而是源自隐喻概念经验基础的自然结果。说英语的美国人和说汉语的中国人拥有大量相同或相似的身体经验和体验，而人类的认知活动根植于这些体验，，因此从中直接产生大量类似的概念结构不足为奇。另一方面，英汉两种政治语言中的隐喻认知由于受到各自语言文化和世界观的影响，呈现出不同的个性和差异。结果，不同文化环境里的使用者选择不同的概念隐喻对世界进行概念化和范畴化。本文发现了其异同点，挖掘出两种语言出现异同概念隐喻的深层原因，进一步论证了在汉语政治语篇中抽象概念在本质上也是隐喻的这一观点。
[Abstract]:In 1980, LakoffJohnson interpreted metaphor from a cognitive perspective in his co-author Metaphors We Live By, transforming the category of metaphorical studies from a simple linguistic system to a conceptual system of human thinking. Charteris-Black (2004) further proposed a new framework of metaphor theory. That is, critical metaphor analysis. Metaphor is analyzed by using critical discourse analysis, corpus linguistics, cognitive linguistics and pragmatics. The critical metaphorical analysis explores the relationship between metaphorical expression and objective context and reveals the underlying ideological functions and sociocultural factors. Scholars at home and abroad have used critical metaphorical analysis to study metaphors in Chinese and American political discourses. However, they are mainly concerned with political parties, presidential inaugural speeches and political policies. There is no relevant analysis of leaders' New year's address, which is in fact a typical political discourse. It not only conveys the New year's wishes and hopes of leaders, but also refers to various aspects, such as the economic situation, livelihood issues and security issues of the year. In this paper, we combine quantitative and qualitative studies, take conceptual metaphor theory as the basic theoretical framework and use critical metaphorical analysis (including metaphor recognition). Metaphorical analysis and metaphorical explanation) A comparative analysis of Chinese and American leaders' New year's speeches from 2003 to 2013. Through a comparative study of conceptual metaphors in 20 New year's speeches by leaders of China and the United States in the past ten years, this study solves the following problems: (1) the typical conceptual metaphors in the New year's speeches of the two countries are found; (2) the similarities and differences of metaphors in New year's speeches between the two countries are summarized and the underlying factors are revealed. On the one hand, the existence of the same or similar conceptual metaphors in English political leaders' speech discourse and Chinese political leaders' speech discourse is not accidental, but the natural result derived from the empirical basis of metaphorical concepts. English-speaking Americans and Chinese-speaking Chinese have a lot of the same or similar physical experience and experience, and human cognitive activities are rooted in these experiences, so it is not surprising that a large number of similar conceptual structures are directly generated from these experiences. On the other hand, the metaphorical cognition in English and Chinese political languages shows different personality and difference because of the influence of their language culture and world view. As a result, users in different cultural environments choose different conceptual metaphors to conceptualize and categorize the world. This paper finds out the similarities and differences between the two languages, excavates the underlying reasons for the similarities and differences between the two languages, and further demonstrates the view that abstract concepts are also metaphorical in essence in Chinese political discourse.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H15;H315
本文编号：2385382
[Abstract]:In 1980, LakoffJohnson interpreted metaphor from a cognitive perspective in his co-author Metaphors We Live By, transforming the category of metaphorical studies from a simple linguistic system to a conceptual system of human thinking. Charteris-Black (2004) further proposed a new framework of metaphor theory. That is, critical metaphor analysis. Metaphor is analyzed by using critical discourse analysis, corpus linguistics, cognitive linguistics and pragmatics. The critical metaphorical analysis explores the relationship between metaphorical expression and objective context and reveals the underlying ideological functions and sociocultural factors. Scholars at home and abroad have used critical metaphorical analysis to study metaphors in Chinese and American political discourses. However, they are mainly concerned with political parties, presidential inaugural speeches and political policies. There is no relevant analysis of leaders' New year's address, which is in fact a typical political discourse. It not only conveys the New year's wishes and hopes of leaders, but also refers to various aspects, such as the economic situation, livelihood issues and security issues of the year. In this paper, we combine quantitative and qualitative studies, take conceptual metaphor theory as the basic theoretical framework and use critical metaphorical analysis (including metaphor recognition). Metaphorical analysis and metaphorical explanation) A comparative analysis of Chinese and American leaders' New year's speeches from 2003 to 2013. Through a comparative study of conceptual metaphors in 20 New year's speeches by leaders of China and the United States in the past ten years, this study solves the following problems: (1) the typical conceptual metaphors in the New year's speeches of the two countries are found; (2) the similarities and differences of metaphors in New year's speeches between the two countries are summarized and the underlying factors are revealed. On the one hand, the existence of the same or similar conceptual metaphors in English political leaders' speech discourse and Chinese political leaders' speech discourse is not accidental, but the natural result derived from the empirical basis of metaphorical concepts. English-speaking Americans and Chinese-speaking Chinese have a lot of the same or similar physical experience and experience, and human cognitive activities are rooted in these experiences, so it is not surprising that a large number of similar conceptual structures are directly generated from these experiences. On the other hand, the metaphorical cognition in English and Chinese political languages shows different personality and difference because of the influence of their language culture and world view. As a result, users in different cultural environments choose different conceptual metaphors to conceptualize and categorize the world. This paper finds out the similarities and differences between the two languages, excavates the underlying reasons for the similarities and differences between the two languages, and further demonstrates the view that abstract concepts are also metaphorical in essence in Chinese political discourse.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H15;H315
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