湖南江永夏层铺土话的地理和社会研究

发布时间：2019-01-04 14:49

【摘要】：本文采用地理语言学和社会语言学的方法来研究夏层铺土话,通过田野调查的方式对夏层铺镇21个土话村和1个居委会的土话进行了调查和比较,从语音、词汇、土话使用等方面进行了分析。希望可以为今后夏层铺土话的深入研究补充新鲜的语言材料,并且帮助我们对土话演变趋势做出科学判断。从地理语言学角度来分析。通过方言地图能看到各个土话村在声韵调方面的差异和规律。语音方面,大部分语音特征在夏层铺镇内部比较—致。但是内部还是存在—定的差别,主要体现在以下几个方面：(1)声调的数量；(2)浊上的归并；(3)浊去的归并；(4)端母的读音；(5)精组的读音；(6)知庄章组的读音；(7)尖团音的区分；(8)蟹摄一、二等韵的读音；(9)效摄豪韵、肴韵的读音；(10)山摄一、二等韵的读音；(11)山摄三、四等韵的读音。词汇方面,“摇”、“爸爸”这两个词的说法在夏层铺内部是—致的,其他的词如“蚂蚁”、“蜘蛛”等动物类的词都有很多中说法。像“刺”、“弯”、“钻”这类动词的意义都有新旧两种词来表达,旧说法是保留古词,而新说法则是后起的。像“你”这类常用的不容易受外界影响的词有多种读音主要是受到移民因素的影响,早期的移民使得不同的说法代代流传,形成了多种说法的局面。从社会语言学的角度来说,夏层铺镇是双语双方言区,官话是最主要的交际语言,土话与普通话都是在一定场合内使用。并且从调查到的结果来看,官话和普通话的使用范围正在扩大,土话的使用范围在逐渐缩小,土话功能正在减弱,但土话短期内不会消失,还会长期使用下去。这种现象是由年龄、性别、民族、文化背景等各方面的因素造成的。
[Abstract]:This paper adopts the methods of geolinguistics and sociolinguistics to study Xiayangpu dialect. Through field investigation, the author investigates and compares the local dialect of 21 local villages and one neighborhood committee in Xiayanpu Town, from the aspects of pronunciation and vocabulary. The usage of vernacular is analyzed. It is hoped that we can supplement fresh language materials for the further study of local dialect in summer and help us to make a scientific judgment on the evolution trend of vernacular dialect. From a geolinguistic point of view. Through the dialect map, we can see the differences and rules in tone and rhyme of every vernacular village. In terms of speech, most of the speech features are compared in Xiadianpu Town. However, there are still some differences between them in the following aspects: (1) the number of tones; (2) the amalgamation of turbidity; (3) the amalgamation of turbidity; (4) the pronunciation of Duanma; (5) the pronunciation of fine group; (6) the pronunciation of Zhuangzhang group; (7) the distinction of the sharp group; (8) the pronunciation of the first and second class rhyme taken by the crab; (9) the pronunciation of the superior rhyme and the rhyme of the delicacy; (10) the pronunciation of the first and second rhymes of the mountain; (11) the pronunciation of the third and fourth rhymes of the mountain. In terms of vocabulary, the words "shake" and "father" are used inside the summer bunk. Other words such as "ants", "spiders" and other animal words are said in many ways. Verbs such as "prick", "bend" and "drill" have new and old words to express, the old word is to retain the old word, and the new one is a new one. The common words such as "you", which are not easily influenced by the outside world, are mainly influenced by immigration factors. From a sociolinguistic point of view, Xiadianpu Town is a bilingual dual dialect area, Mandarin is the most important communicative language, both vernacular and Putonghua are used in certain occasions. And from the results of the investigation, the use of Mandarin and Mandarin is expanding, the use of vernacular is gradually narrowing, the function of vernacular is weakening, but the vernacular will not disappear in the short term, and will continue to be used for a long time. This phenomenon is caused by age, sex, nationality, cultural background and other factors.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H174

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