现代汉语代词“人家”的多角度研究

发布时间：2019-02-12 19:40

【摘要】：文章拟以现代汉语人称代词“人家”为主要考察对象，从历时和共时两个层面，对“人家”进行系统的个案研究。历时层面分析人称代词“人家”的来源，共时层面，主要从语义、句法、语用三个平面角度来考察“人家”的用法。文章的正文部分共分为五章。第一章引言。交代人称代词“人家”的选题缘由，研究范围，研究概况，研究意义，研究方法，文章的创新之处以及语料来源。第二章人称代词“人家”的来源。以大量古代汉语语料为基础，交代人称代词“人家”的来源。以先秦、魏晋南北朝、唐代、宋元等几段重要的历史时期为基点，从历时角度梳理“人家”的发展演变轨迹。第三章人称代词“人家”的语义分析。交代了“人家”在《汉语大词典》《现代汉语词典》《现代汉语八百词》里的释义，阐述了对“人家”语义的理解。指出了“人家”具有替代、指示、区别这三种指代功能，并具体分析了“人家”表替代时的所指对象的语义角色类型。认为“人家”不同语义的形成跟语言的主观性有关，运用认知语言学中的“视角”和“情感”解释“人家”几种语义产生的原因。第四章人称代词“人家”的句法表现。分析了“人家”和指人名词共现的句法结构。“人家+指人名词”结构对指人名词有所选择，，含有贬义和消极色彩的指人名词无法进入“人家+指人名词”的结构。考察“人家”表区别时出现的复句类型。“人家”与其他人称代词对待出现在有对比关系的并列复句、递进复句、转折复句、假设复句中。第五章人称代词“人家”的语用考察。对“人家”的语用环境进行分析，包括“人家”的使用条件和“人家”的语体分布，从而总结“人家”不同的意义各自的语用环境。以语言的功能性为落脚点，考察分析“人家”的语用功能。结语部分对文章做全面的总结，总结人称代词“人家”的来源和在现代汉语中的使用特点。
[Abstract]:Taking the modern Chinese personal pronoun "other people" as the main object of investigation, this paper makes a systematic case study of "other people" from the diachronic and synchronic levels. At the diachronic level, the origin of the personal pronoun "other people" is analyzed. At the synchronic level, the usage of the personal pronoun "other person" is studied from the three aspects of semantics, syntax and pragmatics. The text of the article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is introduction. This paper explains the reason, scope, significance, method, innovation and data source of personal pronoun "other people". The second chapter is the source of the personal pronoun "other people". Based on a large number of ancient Chinese corpus, the source of personal pronoun "other people" is explained. Based on several important historical periods, such as Pre-Qin, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, Tang Dynasty and Song and Yuan Dynasty, this paper combs the development and evolution of "other people" from a diachronic point of view. The third chapter is the semantic analysis of the personal pronoun "he". This paper explains the meaning of "other people" in "Chinese Dictionary" and "800 words of Modern Chinese", and expounds the understanding of the semantics of "other people". This paper points out that the "other person" has the functions of substitution, indication and differentiation, and analyzes the semantic role types of the objects referred to in the substitution of the "other person" table. The author thinks that the formation of different semantics of "other people" is related to the subjectivity of language, and explains the causes of "others" by using the "visual angle" and "emotion" in cognitive linguistics. The fourth chapter is the syntactic expression of the personal pronoun "he". This paper analyzes the syntactic structure of co-occurrence of "other people" and nouns. The structure of "people's nouns" has a choice to refer to human nouns, and the nouns with derogatory and negative connotations cannot enter the structure of "people's nouns". Examine the types of complex sentences that appear when "others" are distinguished. "people" and other personal pronouns are treated in parallel complex sentences, progressive complex sentences, turning complex sentences, hypothetical complex sentences with contrastive relations. Chapter five: a pragmatic study of the personal pronoun "he". This paper analyzes the pragmatic environment of "other people", including the usage conditions of "other people" and the style distribution of "other people", so as to sum up the different meanings of "other people" in their respective pragmatic environments. Based on the function of language, this paper investigates and analyzes the pragmatic function of "other people". In the conclusion part, the author summarizes the source of personal pronoun "other people" and the characteristics of its use in modern Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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