“下”的语义系统新论
发布时间：2019-04-12 19:10
【摘要】：关于“下”的语义，前人已有不少研究，但多数都是从词性的角度或是与“上”的语义对比中进行阐述，观点也不尽一致。本文在前人研究的基础上，从语义的角度对“下”的语义进行系统的分析和说明，提出“下”的语义是一个以本义为中心，围绕本义所携带的核心语义特征逐步有规律引申的系统。“下”的本义是表示“位置低”，由本义分离出两个核心语义特征：一是表示方位；二是表示含盖。由本义的第一个语义特征引申出位移义与脱离义，第二个语义特征引申出含盖义。空间上竖直的方位又可引申到时间域中，表示水平轴上时间的先后关系。文章主要运用了认知语义学中的隐喻理论，对“下”的整体语义进行了分析与归类。全文共分为六章。 绪论部分主要说明了本文的选题缘由及研究对象、理论方法、研究现状，指出前人研究的不足与本文研究的角度。 第一章阐述了“下”本义的第一个语义特征，即表示空间方位，这类“下”主要分两类：表示客观空间的方位义与表示心理空间的方位义。 第二章指出了“下”本义中隐含的第二个语义特征，即表空间含盖，并阐述了表含盖义的“下”的语义主要分为：具体含盖义与抽象含盖义，同时指出由于引申的途径不同，抽象含盖义又可分为：近距离义、条件义、控制义、容纳义四种。 第三章阐述了由方位义引申出的位移义，由于抽象程度不同，位移义分为：具体位移义、人类基础生活领域的位移义、心理位移义三种。 第四章主要阐述了从本义表位置低这一语义特征引申出的脱离义。脱离义分为两种类型：具体脱离义与（使）出现义。 第五章主要介绍了表空间义的“下”引申到时间领域中，具体可以表示一般意义的时间点、时间的延续及持续状态的结束。 第六章余论部分主要阐述了作为量词的“下”语义上与前文论述的“下”的语义关联，，同时介绍了“下”与趋向动词“来”、“去”组合后的语义的泛化。 结语部分主要对本文的内容进行了概括与总结。
[Abstract]:There have been a lot of studies on the semantics of "Xia", but most of them are expounded from the angle of part of speech or the semantic contrast of "Shang", and their views are not in agreement with each other. On the basis of previous studies, this paper systematically analyzes and explains the semantics of "Xia" from the semantic point of view, and puts forward that the semantics of "Xia" is centered on the original meaning. A system in which the core semantic features carried by the original meaning are gradually extended in a regular manner. The original meaning of "Xia" is "low position", which separates two core semantic features from the original meaning: one is to represent the orientation; the other is to represent the cover. From the first semantic feature of the original meaning, the displacement meaning and disconnection meaning are extended, and the second semantic feature extends the cover meaning. The vertical azimuth in space can be extended to the time domain, which indicates the order of time on the horizontal axis. Based on the metaphor theory of cognitive semantics, this paper analyzes and classifies the whole semantics of "Xia". The paper is divided into six chapters. The introduction mainly explains the reason and the research object, the theory and method, the present situation of the research, and points out the deficiency of the former research and the angle of this paper. The first chapter expounds the first semantic feature of the original meaning of "Xia", that is, the orientation of the representation space, which is divided into two categories: the azimuth meaning of the objective space and the orientation meaning of the psychological space. The second chapter points out the second semantic feature implied in the original meaning of "Xia", that is, table space covering, and expounds that the semantic meaning of "lower" is mainly divided into: concrete cover meaning and abstract cover meaning, and at the same time points out that due to the different ways of extension, the meaning of "lower" is divided into two parts: concrete meaning and abstract meaning. Abstract cover meaning can be divided into four types: close-distance meaning, conditional meaning, control meaning and accommodative meaning. The third chapter describes the displacement meaning derived from azimuth meaning, because of the different degree of abstraction, displacement meaning can be divided into three types: specific displacement, displacement meaning in the field of basic human life, and psychological displacement. The fourth chapter mainly expounds the disconnection meaning derived from the semantic feature of the low position of the semantic table. Deviating from righteousness is divided into two types: concrete separation from righteousness and (causes) righteousness. The fifth chapter mainly introduces the extension of "lower" to the field of time, which can represent the general meaning of time, the continuation of time and the end of continuous state. The last part of the sixth chapter mainly expounds the semantic correlation between "Xia" and "Xia" as a quantifier, and introduces the generalization of the semantic combination of "Xia" and "de" after the combination of "Xia" and "tendency verb" and "de" at the same time. The conclusion part mainly summarizes and summarizes the content of this article.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2457298
[Abstract]:There have been a lot of studies on the semantics of "Xia", but most of them are expounded from the angle of part of speech or the semantic contrast of "Shang", and their views are not in agreement with each other. On the basis of previous studies, this paper systematically analyzes and explains the semantics of "Xia" from the semantic point of view, and puts forward that the semantics of "Xia" is centered on the original meaning. A system in which the core semantic features carried by the original meaning are gradually extended in a regular manner. The original meaning of "Xia" is "low position", which separates two core semantic features from the original meaning: one is to represent the orientation; the other is to represent the cover. From the first semantic feature of the original meaning, the displacement meaning and disconnection meaning are extended, and the second semantic feature extends the cover meaning. The vertical azimuth in space can be extended to the time domain, which indicates the order of time on the horizontal axis. Based on the metaphor theory of cognitive semantics, this paper analyzes and classifies the whole semantics of "Xia". The paper is divided into six chapters. The introduction mainly explains the reason and the research object, the theory and method, the present situation of the research, and points out the deficiency of the former research and the angle of this paper. The first chapter expounds the first semantic feature of the original meaning of "Xia", that is, the orientation of the representation space, which is divided into two categories: the azimuth meaning of the objective space and the orientation meaning of the psychological space. The second chapter points out the second semantic feature implied in the original meaning of "Xia", that is, table space covering, and expounds that the semantic meaning of "lower" is mainly divided into: concrete cover meaning and abstract cover meaning, and at the same time points out that due to the different ways of extension, the meaning of "lower" is divided into two parts: concrete meaning and abstract meaning. Abstract cover meaning can be divided into four types: close-distance meaning, conditional meaning, control meaning and accommodative meaning. The third chapter describes the displacement meaning derived from azimuth meaning, because of the different degree of abstraction, displacement meaning can be divided into three types: specific displacement, displacement meaning in the field of basic human life, and psychological displacement. The fourth chapter mainly expounds the disconnection meaning derived from the semantic feature of the low position of the semantic table. Deviating from righteousness is divided into two types: concrete separation from righteousness and (causes) righteousness. The fifth chapter mainly introduces the extension of "lower" to the field of time, which can represent the general meaning of time, the continuation of time and the end of continuous state. The last part of the sixth chapter mainly expounds the semantic correlation between "Xia" and "Xia" as a quantifier, and introduces the generalization of the semantic combination of "Xia" and "de" after the combination of "Xia" and "tendency verb" and "de" at the same time. The conclusion part mainly summarizes and summarizes the content of this article.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 何冬云;;论“心理意象图式”中“上”“下”方位词的运用[J];长春理工大学学报(高教版);2009年08期
2 单宝顺;肖玲;;“下”的语法化历程[J];长春师范学院学报(人文社会科学版);2009年03期
3 刘苹;;“到”义动词“上”、“下”的隐喻基础[J];湖北社会科学;2010年07期
4 张燕春;“V＋上／下”中“上／下”的意义和V的类[J];赣南师范学院学报;1995年04期
5 蒋华;;“上／下”的对称与不对称及其解释[J];黑龙江教育学院学报;2006年01期
6 高松;;方位词“上”、“下”的不对称性研究[J];黑龙江教育学院学报;2008年12期
7 吴晓彤,闫新民;汉语方位名词上/下的两种意象图式[J];安徽理工大学学报(社会科学版);2005年02期
8 史锡尧;动词后“上”、“下”的语义和语用[J];汉语学习;1993年04期
9 任鹰;于康;;从“V上”和“V下”的对立与非对立看语义扩展中的原型效应[J];汉语学习;2007年04期
10 张燕;;论“上—下”空间—时间隐喻[J];连云港师范高等专科学校学报;2010年01期
相关硕士学位论文 前10条
1 曾小红;论“V上/下”[D];广西师范大学;2001年
2 江宇冰;说“下”[D];黑龙江大学;2002年
3 张华;“上/下”语义演化的认知考察[D];华中科技大学;2004年
4 邓成忠;“X+上/下”与“上/下+X”的考察研究[D];华中师范大学;2006年
5 周美玲;“上”“下”语法功能的认知研究[D];南昌大学;2006年
6 杜丽韵;现代汉语方位词“上/下”研究[D];南京师范大学;2006年
7 曲荣芳;现代汉语方位词“上”、“下”的理解与认知[D];东北师范大学;2007年
8 唐秋艳;方位词“上”“下”的对称与不对称性分析[D];北京语言大学;2007年
9 曾娟;“上/下＋N”结构的多角度研究[D];湖南师范大学;2007年
10 时雯雯;“前后”、“左右”、“上下”的语义考察[D];广西师范大学;2008年
本文编号：2457298
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/hanyulw/2457298.html
