小组合作学习在大学初级汉语口语教学中的运用

发布时间：2019-05-24 06:08

【摘要】：语言是人类社会的神经系统。人们利用语言来表达思想,进行交际,协调社会生产和社会互动。如果没有语言,社会就不能生存发展,语言和社会是互相依存的。对外汉语教学是汉语作为第二语言的教学与学习,其根本目的是为汉语非母语的人们提供一个语言交际的工具。基于汉语在社会交往中的突出作用,我们应该在教学过程中充分重视其交际性特征,加强“听”和“说”的训练。口语课是对外汉语教学中一门非常重要的科目,其目的就是让学生熟练运用所学的词语讲话,以提高实际的语言交际能力。然而,大学汉语口语教学的现状并不乐观。大部分学生心理素质差,学习动机不强,自信心不足,怕出错丢脸,少开口甚至不敢开口；同时在以教师为中心的传统教学模式下,学生已经习惯成为接受知识的被动者,他们缺乏思考的能力。为了激发学生学习汉语口语的积极性和主动性,勇敢开口,开展并充分发挥学生主体性的教学活动以提高学生的汉语水平成了目前教学的一个焦点话题。小组合作学习作为一种新型的教学模式,是“以学生为主体”的教学法,是第二语言教学界积极提倡的一种教学方法。它能使学生在轻松、愉快、舒适的语言环境中充分地与他人沟通,促进学生的口语交际能力迅速发展,提高教学的质量和效果。学生通过小组内共同学习的活动有效地锻炼口语能力,培养自己发现问题和解决问题的能力。本文在前人研究的基础上,进一步探索和研究小组合作学习在大学初级汉语口语教学中的运用,本文重点探讨小组合作学习是否能使所有学生主动参与到口语课中来。影响小组合作学习在大学初级汉语口语教学中发挥作用的因素有哪些,小组合作学习如何有效的运用于大学初级汉语口语教学中。本论文共分五章：第一章包含了本文的选题背景和意义,同时也介绍了国内外相关研究状况。第二章讨论口语在对外汉语教学中的重要性,另一方面通过查阅文献资料和小组合作学习模式研究论文,对小组合作学习的相关理论基础进行梳理,即对小组合作学习的定义、特征,小组合作学习的现实意义,对小组合作学习在初级汉语口语教学中的理论依据及其作用进行探讨。这些探讨一方面可以为我们的现实研究提供理论支撑,更重要的是有助于汉语教师把握小组合作学习模式的相关理论,进一步丰富汉语教学界小组合作学习模式理论研究成果。第三章先概括越南大学初级汉语口语教学的状况,然后将通过问卷调查分析影响小组合作学习在初级汉语口语教学中的因素,本文通过问卷调查研究这些因素,以期为对外汉语口语教学界上成功地运用小组合作学习模式提供一些参考。第四章则是对比实验,我们采用对比实验法,即在本国越南东方大学一年级的两个班进行实验,一个班按照目前的传统教学方法,另一个班则按照小组合作学习模式进行教学,然后在一个学期结束后，采用口语测试方法检验小组合作学习教学法的实效性。并且,在实验结束后，对采用小组合作学习模式的学生做问卷调查并通过统计方法对调查结果进行统计分析,调查这些学生对汉语口语课堂中小组合作学习教学模式的态度。第五章总结全文的内容,并对目前的汉语初级口语教学小组合作学习的运用提出一些建议。
[Abstract]:Language is the nervous system of the human society. People use language to express their thoughts, to communicate, to coordinate social production and social interaction. If there is no language, society can't survive, and the language and society are interdependent. The teaching of Chinese as a second language is the teaching and study of Chinese as a second language. On the basis of the prominent role of Chinese in social interaction, we should give full attention to its communicative character in the course of teaching, and strengthen the training of the "listen" and the "say" Practice. The oral course is a very important subject in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, the purpose of which is to enable students to use the words they have learned in order to improve the actual language. However, the present situation of the oral English teaching in the university Not optimistic. Most of the students have poor psychological quality, weak learning motivation, lack of self-confidence, fear of error, lack of opening, and even dare to open. At the same time, under the traditional teaching mode with the teacher as the center, the students have become a passive person to accept the knowledge, and they lack thought In order to arouse the students' initiative and initiative in the study of Chinese oral language, the teaching activity of the students' subjectivity is carried out and fully played, so as to improve the Chinese level of the students and become one of the focal points of the present teaching The group cooperative learning, as a new teaching mode, is a kind of teaching method based on students. It is a kind of teaching which is actively promoted in the second language teaching community. the method can enable students to fully communicate with others in a relaxed, pleasant and comfortable language environment, promote the rapid development of the oral communication ability of the students, and improve the quality of the teaching and the students can effectively exercise the oral capacity through the activities of common learning in the group, and train the problems and solve the problems of the students This paper, on the basis of the previous studies, further explores and studies the application of the group cooperation learning in the oral English teaching of the primary Chinese in the university, and the focus of this paper is to explore whether the cooperative learning of the group can make all the students actively participate in the oral English teaching. What are the factors that affect the role of group cooperation in the oral English teaching of the primary Chinese in the university and how to apply it effectively to the primary Chinese in the university In oral English teaching. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter contains the background and meaning of the subject, and also introduces the background and significance of the subject. The second chapter discusses the importance of oral language in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, and on the other hand, through the review of the literature and the study of the cooperative learning model of the group, the relevant theoretical basis of the cooperative learning of the group is analyzed, that is, it is small. The Definition and Characteristics of the Combination and the Practical Significance of the Cooperative Learning of the Group, and the Study of the Group's Cooperative Learning in the Oral English Teaching of the Primary Chinese; On the one hand, it can provide theoretical support for our practical research, and more importantly, it can help Chinese teachers to grasp the relevant theories of the group cooperation learning model, and further enrich the small combination of Chinese teaching circles. In the third chapter, the author first summarizes the situation of the oral English teaching in the primary Chinese language of the University of Vietnam, and then analyzes the factors that influence the cooperative learning of the group in the oral English teaching of the primary Chinese through the questionnaire analysis. The paper studies these factors through the questionnaire, with a view to the successful application of the small amount in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language The fourth chapter is the comparative experiment, we use the contrast experiment method, that is, two classes in the first year of the Eastern University of Vietnam, one class according to the current traditional teaching method, and the other one according to the group cooperative learning mode Conduct the teaching, and then, after the end of a semester, adopt the oral test method In addition, after the end of the experiment, the students who adopt the group cooperative learning model are investigated and the results are analyzed and analyzed by the statistical method. In chapter 5, the paper summarizes the contents of the full text, and discusses the current Chinese primary oral language.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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