“突然”与“忽然”状语功能的比较研究
发布时间：2019-06-17 21:17
【摘要】：本文旨在研究“突然”和“忽然”两词在状语功能上的异同，主要将从词类归属、语义特征、分布特征三个方面进行对比分析。文章将分为四个章节： 第一章绪论主要包含以下几个方面，本文的研究对象与选题原因，对已有研究成果的细致总结、本文的研究目的、意义和方法，以及本文所用语料的说明。 第二章本章主要从词类系统上对“突然”与“忽然”的关系进行分析，即我们要确定“突然”与“忽然”是同义副词之间的对比还是意义相近的形容词与副词之间的对比，通过研究我们认为，“突然”只单纯具有形容词的词性，所以“突然”与“忽然”之间的对比应该是意义相近的形容词与副词之间的对比关系。 第三章本章主要阐述了“突然”与“忽然”在同为状语时语义特征上的异同，通过研究笔者认为，“突然”与“忽然”在同为状语时语义特征虽然存在很多相同之处，但也是存在一定差别的，我们认为“突然”在做状语时语境上的自由度是要大于“忽然”的。“突然”可以出现在表达“经常性”、“预见性”的语义环境之中，并具有一定的“可控性”与“目的性”，可用于表达告诫、提醒等。而“忽然”则单纯表达一种“偶然性”“暂时性”“非可控性”的状态。 第四章主要从“突然”与“忽然”做状语时的分布特征上进行对比。我们认为“突然”与“忽然”在分布上的区别主要集中在以下几点：1.在与时间副词的共现方面，“突然”可以与“将”、“经常”、“曾经”、“已经”等时间副词共现，而“忽然”不能。2.在与动词性成分的搭配方面，首先“突然”能够修饰与军事或战争意义有关的动词，如：“突然袭击”，“忽然”一般不这样用；其次，“突然”在修饰表达有生名词的非可控状态意义的动词、表达死亡意义的动词及一些表达事故灾难意义的动词方面优势明显大于“忽然”。3.“突然”与“忽然”在修饰限制形容词上区别不明显。 综上，我们认为“突然”与“忽然”这样一对同义词是存在很多差别的，，首先是词性上的区别，其次在两词作状语时语义特征与分布特征上都有着具体的差异，本文力求达到详尽的描写和细致的分析，但由于各方面因素的影响，其中可能存在一些问题，望今后有机会做深一步的研究。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the similarities and differences of adverbial functions between "sudden" and "sudden", and to make a contrastive analysis from three aspects: part of speech assignment, semantic features and distribution features. The article will be divided into four chapters: the first chapter mainly includes the following aspects: the research object and the reason of the selected topic, the detailed summary of the existing research results, the purpose, significance and method of this paper, as well as the explanation of the corpus used in this paper. In the second chapter, this chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between "sudden" and "sudden" from the system of parts of speech, that is, we should determine whether "sudden" and "sudden" are synonymous adverbs or the comparison between adjectives and adverbs with similar meanings. Through the study, we think that "sudden" only has the part of speech of adjectives. Therefore, the contrast between "sudden" and "sudden" should be the contrastive relationship between adjectives and adverbs with similar meanings. In the third chapter, this chapter mainly expounds the similarities and differences in the semantic features of "sudden" and "sudden" when they are adverbials. Through the study of the author, the author believes that although there are many similarities between the semantic features of "sudden" and "sudden" in the same adverbial, there are also some differences. We think that the degree of freedom of "sudden" in the context of adverbial is greater than that of "sudden". "sudden" can appear in the semantic environment of expressing "regular" and "foresight", and has certain "controllability" and "purpose", which can be used to express warning, reminder and so on. Suddenly, on the other hand, simply expresses a state of "contingency", "temporary" and "uncontrollability". The fourth chapter mainly compares the distribution characteristics of adverbials between sudden and sudden. We think that the difference in distribution between "sudden" and "sudden" mainly focuses on the following points: 1. In terms of co-occurrence with time adverbs, "suddenly" can be co-emerged with time adverbs such as "will", "often", "once", "already" and so on, while "suddenly" can not. 2. In terms of collocation with verb components, first of all, "sudden" can modify verbs related to military or war meaning, such as "sudden attack", "sudden" is not generally used in this way; secondly, "sudden" is obviously superior to "sudden" in modifying verbs that express the uncontrollable meaning of new nouns, verbs expressing the meaning of death and some verbs that express the meaning of accident and disaster. There is no obvious difference between "sudden" and "sudden" in modifying restrictive adjectives. In summary, we think that there are many differences between "sudden" and "sudden" synonyms, the first is the difference in part of speech, and secondly, there are specific differences in semantic features and distribution features when the two words are adverbials. This paper tries to achieve detailed description and detailed analysis, but due to the influence of various factors, there may be some problems, hoping to have the opportunity to do a further study in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2501272
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the similarities and differences of adverbial functions between "sudden" and "sudden", and to make a contrastive analysis from three aspects: part of speech assignment, semantic features and distribution features. The article will be divided into four chapters: the first chapter mainly includes the following aspects: the research object and the reason of the selected topic, the detailed summary of the existing research results, the purpose, significance and method of this paper, as well as the explanation of the corpus used in this paper. In the second chapter, this chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between "sudden" and "sudden" from the system of parts of speech, that is, we should determine whether "sudden" and "sudden" are synonymous adverbs or the comparison between adjectives and adverbs with similar meanings. Through the study, we think that "sudden" only has the part of speech of adjectives. Therefore, the contrast between "sudden" and "sudden" should be the contrastive relationship between adjectives and adverbs with similar meanings. In the third chapter, this chapter mainly expounds the similarities and differences in the semantic features of "sudden" and "sudden" when they are adverbials. Through the study of the author, the author believes that although there are many similarities between the semantic features of "sudden" and "sudden" in the same adverbial, there are also some differences. We think that the degree of freedom of "sudden" in the context of adverbial is greater than that of "sudden". "sudden" can appear in the semantic environment of expressing "regular" and "foresight", and has certain "controllability" and "purpose", which can be used to express warning, reminder and so on. Suddenly, on the other hand, simply expresses a state of "contingency", "temporary" and "uncontrollability". The fourth chapter mainly compares the distribution characteristics of adverbials between sudden and sudden. We think that the difference in distribution between "sudden" and "sudden" mainly focuses on the following points: 1. In terms of co-occurrence with time adverbs, "suddenly" can be co-emerged with time adverbs such as "will", "often", "once", "already" and so on, while "suddenly" can not. 2. In terms of collocation with verb components, first of all, "sudden" can modify verbs related to military or war meaning, such as "sudden attack", "sudden" is not generally used in this way; secondly, "sudden" is obviously superior to "sudden" in modifying verbs that express the uncontrollable meaning of new nouns, verbs expressing the meaning of death and some verbs that express the meaning of accident and disaster. There is no obvious difference between "sudden" and "sudden" in modifying restrictive adjectives. In summary, we think that there are many differences between "sudden" and "sudden" synonyms, the first is the difference in part of speech, and secondly, there are specific differences in semantic features and distribution features when the two words are adverbials. This paper tries to achieve detailed description and detailed analysis, but due to the influence of various factors, there may be some problems, hoping to have the opportunity to do a further study in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
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本文编号：2501272
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