比较句“A比B都W”中“都”的极性敏感研究

发布时间：2024-06-29 04:40

　　极性敏感是人类语言的共性。人类语言中普遍存在极性词或极性表达手段。汉语中的“都”一般在“连……都”结构中被认为有极性敏感,可以构建普通名词的极性义。对于中文比较结构“A比B都W”的研究,还未曾涉及极性敏感的角度。本文从极性敏感的角度出发,基于极性敏感理论、梯级模型理论与陈丽萍(2012)对“都”作为分配算子和梯级算子的分析,对比较句结构“A比B都W”中“都”的极性敏感进行探究。根据比较后项B的性质不同,本文将“A比B都W”分为三类进行分析,分别是:当B是疑问代词时,当B是本身具有极性义的名词时,和当B是不含极性义的普通名词时。得出结论如下:首先,只有当比较后项B是不含极性义的普通名词时,“都”具有极性敏感,而当比较后项B是疑问代词和本身具有极性义的名词时,“都”与极性敏感无关。其次,“都”在比较句“A比B都W”触发“B很W”的预设义,对于“都”在比较句中触发的预设义,本文提供了三个预设相关测试,证明预设义的存在。

【文章页数】：68 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 Motivation of the Research
    1.2 Objectives of the Research
    1.3 Significance of the Research
    1.4 Methodology of the Research
    1.5 Layout of the Thesis
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Studies on“Dou”
        2.2.1 “Dou”in Traditional Grammar
        2.2.2 “Dou”under Universal Quantification Theory
    2.3 Studies on Polarity Sensitivity
    2.4 Studies on “lian...dou” Construction
    2.5 Studies on“A bi B dou W”Construction
    2.6 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Polarity Sensitivity
    3.3 Scalar Model of Polarity
    3.4 ALT+SCALE Mechanism
    3.5 Two Different Approaches of“Dou”
        3.5.1 Distributive Reading of“Dou”
        3.5.2 Scalar Reading of“Dou”
    3.6 Presupposition
        3.6.1 Theories of Frege and Strawson
        3.6.2 Presupposition Tests
    3.7 Related Formal Semantic Concepts
        3.7.1 Type Theory
        3.7.2 Lamnda Abstraction
        3.7.3 Semantics of Gradable Adjectives
    3.8 Summary
Chapter Four Analysis
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Classification of“A bi B dou W”
    4.3 Polarity Sensitivity Analysis
        4.3.1 A bi B1 dou W
        4.3.2 A bi B2 dou W
        4.3.3 A bi B3 dou W
    4.4 Presupposition of“Dou”
    4.5 Formalization of“Dou”
    4.6 Summary
Chapter Five Conclusion
    5.1 Major Findings
    5.2 Implications
    5.3 Limitations and Suggestions
References



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