政治新闻报道中引语的主观性：认知语言学视角

发布时间：2017-08-28 16:35

本文关键词：政治新闻报道中引语的主观性：认知语言学视角

【摘要】：新闻报道虽然标榜客观公正,但常常隐含着媒体所代表利益集团的意识形态结构及权力关系,其语言也在很大程度上带着态度色彩。本研究以认知语言学中的主观性为理论基础,对新闻报道中的引语进行识解,旨在回答：读者可以怎样经由观察视角转移、观察区域转移、报道者与引语的观察排列(自我中心观察排列或最佳观察排列)来识解引语过程,从而来解读报道者对所报道事件的态度? 本研究突破Langacker单纯对于句子的主观性识解,兼顾话语、说话者、媒体三个要素的参与,从以下三个方面对政治新闻报道中的引语进行识解：(1)观察视角由话语向说话人转移、由说话人向报道者转移；(2)观察区域于台上和台下之间转移；(3)报道者与引语之间的排列或者呈自我中心观察排列或者呈最佳观察排列。研究发现：对引语态度的识解与对报道者身份的认知有一定关系。当报道者是与事件双方无关的第三方时,在直接引语中,人称和时态所体现的观察视角的转移,使得观察区域发生转移,即话语处于客观识解的台上区域,说话人与报道者处于主观识解的台下区域,从而构成了最佳观察排列。在这种情况下,报道者并不认同说话人对自己话语客观性的认识,由此表现出新闻媒体对所报道事件的不认同态度；而在间接引语中,虽然观察视角和观察区域也发生了转移,说话人与话语共同处于客观识解的台上区域,即报道者认同说话人对自己话语客观性的认识,由此表现出报道者对事件的认同态度。当报道者是与事件双方相关的非第三方时,无论是直接引语还是间接引语,观察视角、观察区域都不发生转移,报道者与引语处于自我中心观察排列中,共同出现在客观识解的台上区域,此时报道者也认同说话人客观表述了话语,从而表现出新闻媒体对事件的认同态度。
【关键词】：引语 认知识解 认知主观性 政治新闻报道
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H05
【目录】：

ABSTRACT2-3
摘要3-4
CONTENTS4-6
List of Figures6-7
List of Abbreviation7-8
Chapter One Introduction8-15
1.1 Rationale of the Research8-9
1.2 Literature Review on Cognitive Subjectivity and Reported Speech9-13
1.2.1 Studies on Subjectivity in Cognitive Linguistics9-11
1.2.2 Studies on Reported Speech11-13
1.3 Objective and Research Question13
1.4 Thesis Organization13-15
Chapter Two Theoretical Foundation of Cognitive Subjectivity15-23
2.1 Perspective15-16
2.2 Viewing Arrangement16-20
2.2.1 Onstage and Offstage17-18
2.2.2 Optimal Viewing Arrangement18-19
2.2.3 Egocentric Viewing Arrangement19-20
2.3 Ground20-23
Chapter Three Subjectivity Construal Frameworkof Reported Speech in Political News Report23-36
3.1 Definition of Reported Speech and Subjectivity23-27
3.1.1 Definition of Reported Speech23-25
3.1.2 Definition of Subjectivity25-27
3.2 Subjectivity Construal of Reported Speech with Third-party Reporter27-31
3.2.1 Subjectivity Construal of Direct Speech27-29
3.2.1.1 Shift of Perspective27-28
3.2.1.2 Shift of Viewing Stage28
3.2.1.3 Optimal Viewing Arrangement28-29
3.2.2 Subjectivity Construal of Indirect Speech29-31
3.2.2.1 Shift of Perspective29-30
3.2.2.2 Shift of Viewing Stage30
3.2.2.3 Optimal Viewing Arrangement30-31
3.3 Subjectivity Construal of Reported Speech with Non-third-party Reporter31-36
3.3.1 Subjectivity Construal of Direct Speech31-33
3.3.1.1 Shift of Perspective32
3.3.1.2 Shift of Viewing Stage32
3.3.1.3 Egocentric Viewing Arrangement32-33
3.3.2 Subjectivity Construal of Indirect Speech33-36
3.3.2.1 Shift of Perspective33-34
3.3.2.2 Shift of Viewing Stage34
3.3.2.3 Egocentric Viewing Arrangement34-36
Chapter Four Case Study:Subjectivity Criticismon Reported Speech in Diaoyu Island Dispute News Report36-61
4.1 Diaoyu Island Dispute and Relevant News Report36-39
4.2 Subjectivity Construal of Reported Speech in Diaoyu Island Dispute News Report39-61
4.2.1 Construal of Reported Speech with Third-party Reporter39-54
4.2.2 Construal of Reported Speech with Non-third-party Reporter54-61
Chapter Five Conclusion61-63
5.1 Major Finding of This Study61-62
5.2 Limitations and Plans for Further Study62-63
Bibliography63-66
Acknowledgements66-70