生物膜法与人工浮岛组合净化小城镇污水的研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 06:11

本文关键词：生物膜法与人工浮岛组合净化小城镇污水的研究　出处：《安徽建筑大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对我国小城镇数量多,地点散,分布广,目前国内没有小城镇污水处理项目相关的标准和规范这一现状,小城镇分散式污水处理一体化技术顺势而生。生物膜法具有抗冲击负荷能力强,污泥产量少、易于固液分离和无污泥膨胀等优点。人工浮岛技术针对富营养化水质,利用生态工学原理,降解水中的污染物。同时能为鸟类、鱼类等生物创造生存的空间,改善景观等作用。组合装置采用生物膜和人工浮岛技术相结合,通过中试试验,为生物膜法和人工浮岛技术的组合工艺提供设计和运行参数。本研究的成果如下:(1)组合装置的最佳气水比为3.5mg/L,最佳进水流量为0.24m3/h,此时置悬浮模块和气提模块气水比分别为10和17.1,组合装置对NH3-N、TN、COD、SS的去除率分别达到了82.25%、48.49%、79.29%和96.22%,以上指标达到《城市杂用水水质标准》,满足城市再生水回用的要求;组合装置用气提模块代替传统的二沉池,出水SS去除率达到96.22%,并且效果稳定;组合装置抗冲击能力强,在应对水质水量冲击情况下,装置能较快恢复稳定运行。新型填料挂膜速度快,效率高,组合装置产泥量小且无污泥膨胀,节省了污泥收集和排泥费用。植物在系统中长势良好,植物根系发达,为微生物生长提供较好的生长环境,同时植物也兼具一定的景观价值。(2)针对组合装置出水总磷不达标问题,设计了化学除磷实验,选用FeSO4作为化学除磷药剂,采用前置加药法,实验结果表明加入化学除磷辅助后,装置的除磷能力大大提高,最佳摩尔比为2,出水总磷达到了《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准,完善了装置的功能。(3)组合装置具有良好的污泥减量效果,平均污泥产率为0.01KgMLSS/KgCOD,约为常规活性污泥法的1/10,节省了污泥处理费用,降低了运行成本。(4)中试工程总投资为12.63万元,每吨水的处理成本为11.63元,去除人员工资后每吨水的处理成本为3.1元。小城镇污水处理项目应采用更为积极的资金筹措措施,同时政府也应从政策和法律方面,为小城镇污水处理项目提供支持。
[Abstract]:In view of the large number of small towns, scattered location, wide distribution, at present, there is no domestic small town sewage treatment project related standards and norms this situation. The integrated technology of decentralized sewage treatment in small towns is coming into being. The biofilm process has strong resistance to shock loading and less sludge production. Artificial floating island technology aims at eutrophication water quality and uses the principle of ecological engineering to degrade pollutants in water. At the same time, it can create living space for birds, fish and other organisms. The combination of biofilm and artificial floating island technology was used to improve the landscape. The results of this study are as follows: 1) the optimum air-water ratio of the unit is 3.5 mg / L. The optimum influent flow rate is 0.24 m3 / h, and the air-water ratio of suspension module and air extraction module are 10 and 17.1 respectively. The removal rate of SS reached 82.25% 79.29% and 96.22% respectively. The air lift module is used to replace the traditional secondary settling tank, and the removal rate of SS in the effluent reaches 96.22 and the effect is stable. Under the condition of water quality and quantity impact, the unit can quickly recover and run stably. The new type of packing has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, small sludge production and no sludge bulking. The plant grows well in the system and the plant root system is developed, which provides a better growth environment for microbial growth. At the same time, the plant also has a certain landscape value. 2) aiming at the problem that the effluent total phosphorus of the combined plant is not up to standard, the chemical phosphorus removal experiment was designed. FeSO4 was selected as the chemical phosphorus removal agent, and the pre-addition method was adopted. The experimental results show that the phosphorus removal capacity of the plant is greatly improved with the addition of chemical phosphorus removal assistance. The optimum molar ratio is 2, and the total phosphorus in the effluent reaches the first class A standard of the pollutant discharge standard of the municipal wastewater treatment plant. The unit has a good sludge reduction effect, the average sludge yield is 0.01kg MLSS / KgCOD, which is about 1/10 of the conventional activated sludge process. The total investment of the pilot project is 126,300 yuan and the treatment cost per ton of water is 11.63 yuan. The cost of water treatment is 3.1 yuan per ton after the removal of staff wages. The small town sewage treatment project should adopt more active financing measures, and the government should also from the policy and legal aspects. Provide support for small town sewage treatment projects.
【学位授予单位】：安徽建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.1

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