小型分散式生活污水高效厌氧及脱氮脱臭工艺研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 07:04

本文关键词：小型分散式生活污水高效厌氧及脱氮脱臭工艺研究　出处：《东南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,农村生活污水排放已成为污染水体的重要因素,开发出农村分散式生活污水处理技术迫在眉睫。东南大学课题组提出了厌氧折流板反应器—缺氧除臭池—好氧水车生物转盘—人工湿地的生物生态组合工艺。该工艺具有管理运行简单、能耗低、处理效果好、氮磷资源可回收等特点。本课题通过对厌氧单元、缺氧单元和整体工艺的处理效果及工艺参数研究,在实现高效降解污染物的同时,有效削除地表构筑物的臭味,实现污水处理的景观化和园林化。主要得出以下结论：(1)在夏季和春秋季厌氧折板反应器的COD处理率随HRT的增加而提高。夏季HRT和春秋季HRT分别为72h和96h时COD的去除率可分别达到72%和67%。厌氧折流板反应器前四个隔室完成了大部分可降解有机物的去除。产气量随着容积负荷的提高而增加。出水臭阈值随HRT增大而减小,在夏季HRT 72h、春秋季HRT 96h时,出水平均臭阈值降至220和210以下。建议夏季HRT为72h,春秋季HRT为96h,厌氧反应器隔室数为4。(2)冬季低温对厌氧折流板反应器处理效果有显著影响。HRT为120 h时,COD的去除率可达60%左右。厌氧折流板反应器前四个隔室完成对大部分有机物的去除。产气量随着容积负荷的降低和温度的降低而大幅减少。出水臭阂值随HRT增大而升高,HRT为120h时,出水平均臭阈值降至275以下。冬季低温条件下建议HRT为120h,反应器隔室数为4。(3)缺氧除臭池在夏季除脱氮除臭效果随硝化液回流比的增加而提高,回流比为100%时,TON去除率达到90%以上,硫化物去除率达到96.1%,总氮去除率达到40.1%。随着硝酸盐负荷和溶解氧浓度的增大(通过调节回流比)除臭效果有所提高而反硝化效果有所降低,硝酸盐负荷和进水溶解氧浓度分别为20g/(m3·d)和2.5mg/L时,可获得最佳的脱氮除臭效果。N/S比和C/N比也是影响缺氧池脱氮除臭的重要因素。随着N/S比增加,除臭效果提高而反硝化率有所降低：随着C/N增大,除臭效果显著降低,而反硝化率提高。N/S和C/N分别为1.0和6.0时,可获得最佳的脱氮除臭效果。(4)春秋季回流比为150%时,TON去除率达87.2%,硫化物去除率达91.3%,总氮去除率为38.7%。进水硝酸盐负荷和溶解氧浓度分别为25g/(m3·d)和3.2mg/L时,可获得最佳的脱氮除臭效果。同时,N/S和C/N分别为1.5和4.0时,可达到得最佳的脱氮除臭效果(5)冬季,受低温的影响脱氮和除臭效果有所下降。回流比为200%时,TON去除率达85.6%,硫化物去除率达88.5%,总氮去除率为33.7%。进水硝酸盐负荷和溶解氧浓度分别为30g/(m3·d)和3.8mg/L时,可获得最佳的脱氮除臭效果。同时,N/S和C/N分别为2.0和3.5时,可达到得最佳的脱氮除臭效果(6)该生物生态组合工艺运行稳定,出水COD、总氮、氨氮、总磷平均浓度分别为10.4～28.7 mg/L、3.6～11.5mg/L、0.5-4.6mg/L、0.21～O.48mg/L。该工艺出水水质达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准一级A标准。缺氧池出水逸出气体中硫化氢和氨气浓度分别为0.043～0.058 mg/m3和0.320～0.378 mg/m3,达到国家恶臭污染物排放标准的二级排放标准。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the discharge of sewage in rural life has become an important factor in water pollution, develop the imminent rural decentralized municipal wastewater treatment technology. Southeast University research group proposed an anaerobic baffled reactor - anoxic - aerobic biological deodorization pool water rotary - artificial wetland biological ecological combined process. The process has simple operation, energy consumption low, good treatment effect, the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus resources Recyclable. Based on the study of treatment effects of anoxic anaerobic unit, unit and the overall process and process parameters in the efficient degradation of pollutants at the same time, effectively eliminating the surface building odor of sewage treatment and landscaping of the garden. The main conclusion as following: (1) treatment rate decreased with the increase of HRT in summer and autumn season ABR COD increased. HRT in summer and spring and autumn HRT respectively the removal of COD 72h and 96h The rate can reach 72% and 67%. anaerobic baffled reactor four compartments to remove most organic matter degradation. The gas production increased with increasing volume load. The water odor threshold decrease with increasing HRT and HRT 72h, in the summer, spring and autumn HRT 96h, average odor threshold dropped to 220 210. HRT and 72h suggest the summer, spring and autumn HRT 96h, anaerobic reactor compartment number is 4. (2) of low temperature in winter of anaerobic baffled reactor treatment effect had significant effect of.HRT was 120 h, the COD removal rate can reach about 60%. The anaerobic baffled reactor four isolation room on the removal of most organic compounds. The gas production significantly decreased with decreasing volume load and decrease of temperature. The water odor threshold value increases with the increase of HRT, HRT is 120h, the average odor threshold below 275. Under low temperature in winter HRT 120h, reactor compartment The number is 4. (3) hypoxia deodorization pool in the summer in addition to increased nitrogen deodorizing effect with nitrification liquid reflux ratio increased, reflux ratio is 100%, the removal rate of TON reached more than 90%, the sulfide removal rate reached 96.1%, the total nitrogen removal rate of 40.1%. increases with the load of nitrate and dissolved oxygen concentration (by adjusting the reflux ratio) increased deodorizing effect and denitrification effect decreased, nitrate loading and dissolved oxygen concentration were 20g/ (M3 - D) and 2.5mg/L, can obtain the important factors of nitrogen removal deodorization effect of.N/S ratio and C/N ratio also affect the anaerobic pool denitrification deodorization best. With the increase of N/S ratio, deodorization the effect of increasing the denitrification rate decreased as C/N increases, the deodorizing effect is significantly reduced, and the denitrification rate increased by.N/S and C/N were 1 and 6, available nitrogen and deodorizing effect. The best (4) in spring and autumn, reflux ratio is 150%, the removal rate of TON reached 87. 2%, the sulfide removal rate was 91.3%, total nitrogen removal rate was 38.7%. influent nitrate loading and dissolved oxygen concentration were 25g/ (M3 - D) and 3.2mg/L, can obtain the best nitrogen deodorizing effect. At the same time, N/S and C/N were 1.5 and 4, can be achieved the best deodorization effect of nitrogen removal (5) in winter, affected by low temperature nitrogen and deodorization effect decreased. Reflux ratio is 200%, the removal rate of TON reached 85.6%, the sulfide removal rate was 88.5%, total nitrogen removal rate was 33.7%. influent nitrate loading and dissolved oxygen concentration were 30g/ (M3 - D) and 3.8mg/L, can get off the best nitrogen deodorizing effect. At the same time, N/S and C/N were 2 and 3.5, can be achieved the best deodorization effect of nitrogen (6) run the biological ecological combined process is stable, the effluent COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus concentrations were 10.4 ~ 28.7 mg/L, 3.6 ~ 11.5mg/L, 0.21 ~ 0.5-4.6mg/L. The O.48mg/L. process The quality of water reached the first level A standard of pollutant discharge standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant. The concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the effluent of the anoxic pond were 0.043 ~ 0.058 mg/m3 and 0.320 ~ 0.378 mg/m3, respectively, which reached the two level emission standard of the national odor pollutants discharge standard.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X799.3

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