基于生态浮岛技术对衡阳西湖公园水体修复的试验研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 18:58

本文关键词： 生态浮岛技术植物净化水体　出处：《中国林业科学研究院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文于2014年5月-6月,综合衡阳市的气候特点以及植物的生长特性,选取了美人蕉(Canna indica)、旱伞草(Cyperus alternifolius)和蕹菜(Ipomoea aquatica)这三种具有景观观赏价值和经济价值的挺水性植物,利用生态浮岛技术,在同等条件下的衡阳市西湖公园富营养化水体样本中进行栽培。通过定期监测气温、水温和检测试验水体中的p H值、DO(溶解氧,Dissolved Oxygen)、TN(总氮,Total Nitrogen)、TP(总磷,Total Phosphorus)、COD(化学需氧量,Chemical Oxygen Demand)变化等试验数据,定量分析这三种植物的生长与水体中TN、TP、COD和DO等污染指标的浓度变化关系和原因,比较这三种植物对试验水体的不同净化效果,从净化水质能力强、生态景观观赏价值高、存活率高和成本低廉这四个方面,筛选出最适合西湖公园水体的浮岛栽培植物,为衡阳地区其它水域水体的净化提供生态浮岛栽培技术和植物选种参考。本试验主要结果如下:1.三种植物均能适应试验水体环境并较好的生长。在整个静态试验中,三种植物在试验水体中均能正常生长,并分蘖出新的植株,植株根系生长较快,美人蕉和蕹菜根系变化最为明显,根须交错形成一个密实整体。试验初期,由于试验水体中营养盐较充足,植物能较好较快生长;试验后期,由于试验水体中营养盐的缺乏和DO含量降低等因素影响,三种植物的生长都受到一定的抑制。2.试验水体中TN、TP、COD和DO等污染指标的浓度变化,与栽培植物的生长情况密切相关。试验初期,试验水体中TN、TP、COD、CO的浓度随着植物的快速生长而迅速降低;试验后期,由于试验水体中营养盐和DO含量降低等因素的影响,植物的新陈代谢活动减慢,植物对TN、TP和COD的去除率以及水的p H值均呈缓慢降低的变化趋势。3.将三种植物对试验水体的营养盐净去除率进行对比分析,得到如下结论:蕹菜对TN的净去除率最高,旱伞草其次,美人蕉的净去除率最低。蕹菜对TP的去除效果最好,其次是美人蕉,旱伞草较前两者稍差。美人蕉对COD的去除效果最好,其次是旱伞草,蕹菜较差。从试验结果来看,三种植物不仅对试验水体中的TN、TP和COD去除有较好的效果,而且价格低廉,耗时短,成景快,省人力和外形美观,可利用生态浮岛技术搭配栽种在西湖中净化水质。
[Abstract]:From May 2014 to June, we selected Canna indica, Canna indica, from May 2014 to June, according to the climatic characteristics and plant growth characteristics of Hengyang City. Cyperus alternifolius) and Ipomoea aquatica), which have landscape ornamental value and economic value. The ecological floating island technique was used to culture eutrophication water samples of Hengyang West Lake Park under the same conditions. The temperature and water temperature were monitored regularly and the pH value of dissolved oxygen (do) in the experimental water was detected. Dissolved total nitrogen monophosphorus (Dissolved). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and chemical Oxygen demand (COD) data were used to quantitatively analyze the growth of these three plants and TNT in water. The relationship and reason of the concentration change of COD and do pollution index, compared the different purification effect of these three plants to the experimental water body, from purifying the water quality ability, the ecological landscape ornamental value is high. The four aspects of high survival rate and low cost were selected to select the most suitable floating island plants for the water body of West Lake Park. The main results of this experiment are as follows: (1) to provide ecological floating island culture techniques and plant selection reference for the purification of other water bodies in Hengyang area. 1. The three species of plants can adapt to the experimental water environment and grow well. Three kinds of plants can grow normally in the experimental water, and tillering new plants, the root system growth is faster, the root system of Canna and Ipomoea aquatica has the most obvious change, the root whiskers interlaced to form a dense whole. Because of the abundance of nutrients in the experimental water, the plants can grow better and faster. In the later stage of the experiment, the growth of three kinds of plants was inhibited to some extent because of the lack of nutrients and the decrease of do content. The concentration change of COD and do was closely related to the growth of cultivated plants. The concentration of CO decreased rapidly with the rapid growth of plants. In the later stage of the experiment, the metabolism of plants slowed down and the plant to TN was affected by the decrease of nutrient and do content in the water body. The removal rate of TP and COD and pH value of water decreased slowly. 3. The net nutrient removal rates of three plants were compared and analyzed. The conclusion is as follows: the net removal rate of TN is the highest in water spinach, followed by the net removal rate of Canna communis and the lowest. Water spinach has the best removal efficiency of TP, followed by Canna Americana. The removal efficiency of COD was the best in Canna, followed by Amomum aquatica and Ipomoea aquatica. According to the results of the experiment, the three plants not only had the effect on TN in the experimental water. The removal of TP and COD has a good effect, and the cost is low, the time is short, the scenery is quick, the manpower is saved and the appearance is beautiful. The technology of ecological floating island can be used to purify the water quality in the West Lake.
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X524

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