南宁市固氮植物资源调查及应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 02:35

  本文关键词： 风景园林 固氮植物 层次分析法 景观效果 南宁市　出处：《广西大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：固氮植物具有改善土壤,提高土壤肥力,维护水土,改善生态环境功能的同时,还具有抗逆性强,且生长快,生态效益好,景观价值高的特点。因此,不仅在农业、林业等生产上有很高的利用价值,在植物景观造景方面也有很高的美学利用价值。固氮植物应用研究对美化和改善环境,提高园林绿地生态效益具有十分重要的意义。通过实地调查和研究,最终得出固氮植物在南宁市园林绿地中的应用情况,为今后南宁市土壤改良、提高土壤肥力和改善环境提供重要的参考依据,同时也为南宁市园林绿地建设选择优良固氮植物提供重要依据,还为固氮植物今后的生长、栽培应用提供参考。采用文献收集、实地调查和问卷调查的研究方法的同时,运用统计分析和层次分析法的分析方法,对南宁市固氮植物的资源和应用现状进行研究和分析。主要研究成果如下:(1)广泛应用的种类较少。根据资料调查得出南宁市固氮植物资源有133种,经过实地调查常用种类约有50种,其中豆科植物有40种,非豆科植物有10种。广泛应用于园林中的有苏铁、朱缨花、台湾相思、罗汉松等少数种。(2)环境适应能力较强。通过对固氮植物的应用地点进行分析,得出固氮植物在综合性公园、专类公园、带状公园、居住绿地、公共设施绿地、道路绿地、市政设施绿地以及其他绿地中均生长良好,景观效果也良好。这些固氮植物主要有银合欢、苏铁、朱缨花、台湾相思、链荚豆、鸡眼草、葛等。(3)配植形式多样。通过对固氮植物的配植形式进行分析,得出固氮植物的配植形式多样,可孤植、丛植、列植、对植、群植、散点植、立体绿化、地被植、绿篱植,还可以与建筑、景石、园林小品、园林构筑物等形成优美的景观。(4)景观价值差异较大。通过层次分析法对固氮植物的综合价值进行评价,综合权重值比较结果:美学功能(0.33885)生长性能(0.2881)生态功能(0.2401)资源价值(0.0832)。由权重值可以得出,美学功能是最重要的指标,其次是生长性能。对所调查的50种固氮植物进行综合评价,最终综合得分范围在2.7181～3.3670之间。由植物综合指标得分排序和分级,得出综合评价为Ⅰ级的有5种,Ⅱ级的有7种,Ⅲ级的有13种,Ⅳ级的有6种,V级的有19种。(5)应用的不足之处:应用和广泛应用的种类均较少。固氮植物配植时没考虑植物的生态习性,将阳生固氮植物栽于荫生环境中;将慢生固氮植物栽于快生植物中。
[Abstract]:Nitrogen-fixing plants have the characteristics of improving soil, improving soil fertility, maintaining soil and water, improving ecological environment function, and also having the characteristics of strong resistance, fast growth, good ecological benefit and high landscape value. Not only in agriculture, forestry and other production has a high use value, but also in the plant landscape landscape has a high aesthetic value. Nitrogen fixation plant application to beautify and improve the environment. It is very important to improve the ecological benefit of garden green space. Through field investigation and research, the application of nitrogen-fixing plants in the garden green space of Nanning City is finally obtained, which will improve the soil in Nanning City in the future. Improve soil fertility and improve the environment to provide an important reference basis, but also for the construction of green space in Nanning to select good nitrogen-fixing plants, but also for the future growth of nitrogen-fixing plants. The methods of literature collection, field investigation and questionnaire survey were used, and the methods of statistical analysis and analytic hierarchy process were used. The resources and application status of nitrogen-fixing plants in Nanning were studied and analyzed. The main research results are as follows: (1) there are few species widely used. According to the investigation, 133 species of nitrogen-fixing plants are found in Nanning. Through field investigation there are about 50 kinds of commonly used species, including 40 species of legumes and 10 species of non-legumes. Widely used in gardens are cycads, Zhu tassel, Taiwan Acacia. Through the analysis of the application sites of nitrogen-fixing plants, it is concluded that nitrogen-fixing plants in comprehensive parks, special parks, belt parks, residential green space. Public facilities green land, road green space, municipal facilities green space and other green areas all grow well, and the landscape effect is good. These nitrogen-fixing plants are mainly Leucaena, cycad, Zhu tassel, Taiwan acacia, and acacia acacia. Through the analysis of the forms of nitrogen fixation plants, it is concluded that there are many forms of nitrogen fixation plants, such as solitary planting, cluster planting, column planting, pair planting, group planting, and scattered planting. Stereoscopic greening, ground planting, hedgerow planting, but also with architecture, landscape, garden sketch. The landscape value of landscape is different greatly. The comprehensive value of nitrogen-fixing plants is evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results of comprehensive weight comparison: aesthetic function 0.33885) growth performance 0.2881) Ecological function 0.2401) Resource value 0.08320.The weight value can be obtained from the weight value. Aesthetic function is the most important index, followed by growth performance. A comprehensive evaluation of 50 nitrogen-fixing plants was carried out. The final comprehensive score ranged from 2.7181 to 3.3670. According to the ranking and grading of plant comprehensive index, there were 5 kinds of comprehensive evaluation grade 鈪，

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