重庆市主城区佛寺园林景前区景观设计探究

发布时间：2018-01-28 00:04

本文关键词： 重庆主城佛寺园林景前区前导空间　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：佛寺园林因饱含脱俗出尘的景致、幽静深远的意境、悠久灿烂的历史文化,在建筑及人文艺术上,均底蕴厚重,受人喜爱。在宗教祭祀功能外,其一直以来亦为人们提供了公共集会与节暇游憩之处。在繁忙的现代生活中,人们希望得以放松身心、摒去琐俗,寺庙园林的宁静超然即成为人们的向往与选择。佛寺园林景前区,即道路、寺前广场、游憩节点等空间结合而成的寺外园林化空间,不仅具有常见建筑外环境客观具有的组织交通、引导过渡、景观审美、设施服务等功能,其更是佛寺园林引人入胜的开篇之作,与寺内园林有密不可分的关系,并共同构成佛寺园林完整的景观序列。这便要求佛寺园林景前区不仅应便于人们寻找佛寺所在、穿行、游憩、集散,更应通过空间的前导过渡,达成与寺内园林深幽意蕴的融合,及其在寺外空间的外延。通过对置身其中的人们进行独具匠心的暗示,以景物、意境与空间叙事的层层递进潜移默化,酝酿人们的情绪,促进人们入寺时逐渐净心、荡涤凡尘的身心过渡。重庆大山大川的自然环境与丰厚多彩的文化积淀,使其中佛寺园林类型多样,并在选址、布局、造景中均独具特色与地域风情,其景前区也随之具有不同的特质、风格与营造侧重点。本文对重庆主城区内30座佛寺及相应景前区进行实地调研、测绘、分析,考究了各佛寺周边环境、选址、建筑园林布局等,探讨了现有景前区空间组成、功能设施、设计现状、意境再现等营造手法,并对其进行归纳整合,以此为尚且缺乏的佛寺园林景前区设计的学术资料进行补足。本文研究的核心内容包括:(1)对重庆主城区佛寺所在地区、选址、建筑布局等现况进行梳理概述,以其作为重要的背景资料。综合探讨该类空间现有基本功能,即铺垫指引、组织串联、景观服务、叙事文化;该类空间承载功能的构成要素,即节点、道路、植物、设施,并相应进行简述。(2)结合调研所得资料,将佛寺园林景前区分为城市过渡类、景园组部类(下分主导佛寺类与景点佛寺类)、乡林访幽类,对各类进行概述,列举相应实例。通过对现状的归纳,探讨对该类空间产生影响的各空间因素、时间因素与需求因素并进行分析。(3)结合实例深入探讨重庆主城区佛寺园林景前区设计现状,主要包含其空间组织、造景内容、文化表达几方面。其中,空间组织包括该类空间序列、空间形态及空间界定;造景内容包括该类空间结合重庆主城的环境,对地形的运用、对视景的丰富、构成要素的运用、材料色彩质感的处理等;文化表达则探讨总结了重庆主城中该类空间现有的直接与间接的文化表达手法。文中分别对这几方面中体现出的特点、值得借鉴采纳的优点,与尚需改进的不足进行了阐述——即重庆主城佛寺园林景前区呈现出类型多样、注重功能、适应山地环境、造景配合实用的特征,其各类自身体现出的协调性与灵活性值得借鉴。但是,该空间对相应文化性的表达,在现状营造中还有所欠缺。在此基础上,本文通过对实例各方面分析结果的总结,结合可供营造时参照的山地景观设计、环境心理学、景观美学及佛寺园林设计要点,提炼出佛寺园林景前区营造的原则——分类明确营造、按需提供要素、空间涵载文化、呼应佛寺内容,并得出了佛寺园林景前区的形态、界定、序列方面的空间组织;各类景前区各有侧重的含节点、道路、植物等造景的设计要点;及以直接、间接的手法对文化进行进一步表达的方法,以提升空间文化感等结论。本文还进一步将研究成果与结论应用于实际案例方家山生态公园“朝佛之径,修行之路”中,并通过对该案例的解说,达成理论与实践的结合。通过对重庆主城佛寺园林景前区功能要素、组成内容、客观审美与意境营建等的实例研究、方法总结、理论提炼、实例运用,希望本文能为相关空间的设计、修复等提供参考、指导,并以佛寺园林景前区为立足点,为探索园林中客观空间作为精神载体的表达,为意境凝练、场所精神、景观叙事提供借鉴视角。
[Abstract]:Temple garden full of dust for refined scenery, quiet and profound artistic conception, splendid history and culture, and in the construction of the humanities and arts, both inside the thick, popular. In religious function, which provides public gatherings and festival Leisure Recreation Department has been for people in modern life in the busy. That people want to relax, get rid of the vulgar, the temple garden becomes quiet detached yearning and people's choice. The former District, Temple Garden Road, the square in front of the temple, and other recreational space formed by combining nodes outside of the temple garden space, not only has the common objective of building external environment traffic organization to guide the transition of landscape aesthetic facilities, services and other functions, it is more attractive for the opening of the temple garden, there is a close relationship with the temple garden, temple garden and constitute the complete sequence. This will require the landscape of temple garden The forest landscape area not only for people looking for the temple, walking, recreation, distribution, should be leading the transition space, a fusion with the deep meaning of the temple garden, and the extension of the space in the temple. Through to have great originality in which people suggest to the scene, the progressive and subtle narrative artistic conception the brewing people's emotions, promoting people into the temple gradually clear the mind, the nature of the physical and mental transition. Chongqing Dangdi mountains Dachuan natural environment and rich cultural heritage, in which various temple garden types, and in the location, layout, and unique regional customs are garden, the scene before the District has different characteristics, style and construction. This paper focus on the main city of Chongqing in the 30 temple and the corresponding scene before the survey, mapping, analysis, research on the Buddhist temple in the surrounding environment, location, landscape architecture To explore the existing landscape layout, the front space composition, functional facilities, design status, artistic conception and creation, and carries on the induction and integration, as if the lack of Buddhist temple garden area before the design of academic materials complement. The core content of this paper includes: (1) location of Buddhist temple in Chongqing City area, and outline in the layout of the building, as the important background information. Discuss the basic functions of the existing space, which pave the way to guide, organize series, landscape service, narrative culture; the space bearing function of the constituent elements, namely, node, road, plant facilities, and accordingly the. (2) combined with the survey data, the Buddhist temple garden before the city is divided into transitional type, garden group (under the dominant category and class Buddhist temple attractions), Xiang Lin visit you, an overview of the various lists, through some examples. The status of the induction, to explore the spatial impact on the spatial factors, time factors and demand factors and analysis. (3) discussed the main city of Chongqing temple garden area before the design of the status quo with examples, mainly includes the spatial organization, landscape content, culture of several aspects. Among them, the spatial organization including this kind of space sequence, space form and space definition; including the landscape space with the Chongqing urban environment, use of terrain, the scene is rich, using elements of the material, color and texture processing; the expression is discussed and summarized the main city of Chongqing in the space of the existing direct and indirect culture expression. In this article embody the characteristics of these aspects of reference adopt advantages, and still need to improve the shortcomings are described, the main city of Chongqing temple garden area before showing class Type diversity, emphasis on function, to the mountain environment, landscaping with practical characteristics, coordination and flexibility of the various types of its worth learning. However, the expression of the space corresponding to the culture of the status quo in construction is still lacking. On this basis, through all aspects of the results summarized, combined with the mountain landscape design, reference to create the environmental psychology, landscape aesthetics and temple garden design points, refine the classification principle of Buddhist temple garden - area before the building to create a clear, provide elements according to need, Han culture space, echoes the Buddhist temple and draw the temple garden, scene area before the definition, form, space organization sequence; various types of landscape area in front of each node, including on the road, the design points of plant landscaping etc.; and to direct, indirect manipulation of culture for further expression method, to enhance the space The cultural sense of conclusion. Furthermore, the research results and conclusions to practical case Fangjiashan ecological park "in the path of the Buddha, the spiritual path", and through the case that, to achieve a combination of theory and practice. Based on the main city of Chongqing temple garden area before the functional elements, content, examples study on the aesthetic and artistic conception, objective construction methods, refined theory, application, hope is designed in this paper related to space, provide a reference guide to the area before the repair, and temple garden as the starting point, to explore the landscape space as objective expression vector of the spirit, for the artistic conception concise, the spirit of place. From Perspective of landscape narrative.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU986.5;TU984.18

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