中国西南典型城市扩展比较及模拟研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 01:24

本文关键词： 土地利用城市扩展城市景观格局影响机制模拟中国西南典型城市　出处：《重庆师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市化进程中日趋剧烈的土地利用变化是影响地区乃至全球社会经济发展与生态稳定的重要因素。城市作为人类活动最剧烈的区域,如何有效准确获取较大研究区域城市纵向扩展的综合表征,进行影响机制的差异化比较,尝试模拟未来城市发展的空间动态格局,寻求可持续城市发展的路径已经成为当前城市研究的重要内容。本文着眼于中国西南典型快速城市化研究背景的思考,通过相关土地利用模型的计算,试比较重庆市主城区、成都市都市辖区、贵阳市主城区、昆明市环滇池行政辖区土地利用变化特征及景观生态效应的研究内容,并借助ArcGIS9.3、Fragstate3.3、ENVI5.0和GeoSOS1.2.1软件,在等扇分析方法、城市扩展强度和城市扩展指数模型综合运用下,对各城市城市扩展动态演化特征进行深入的研究,并详细分析不同自然地貌和社会经济因素对城市扩张演化机理的作用和干扰程度。同时也为进一步揭示西南典型城市景观格局时空演变特征及景观序列内在差异,以及为典型样本城市扩展模拟和预测提供了可靠的科学依据。主要研究结果如下:(1)在2001年之前,除成都市都市辖区之外,西南典型城市土地类型转移规模相对较小,单一土地利用动态度、综合土地利用动态度及土地利用强度较低,景观人工干扰区域变化微弱;2001年之后,各城市土地利用动态变化进程明显加快,建设用地与其他土地类型之间的转换规模显著增加,单一土地利用动态度、综合土地利用动态度及土地利用强度指数不断上升,导致高强度的景观人工干扰区域也得到明显的扩大。(2)在2001年之前,除成都市都市辖区之外,西南典型城市的建设用地在扩展规模、扩展速度、扩展强度上均显示出较弱的扩展特征;2001年之后,各城市建设用地扩展规模及扩展速率均保持高速增长趋势,城市扩展强度不断加深,但局部地区的城市扩展仍存在较为显著的不均性特征。西南典型城市城市扩展模式主要以边缘-跳跃优势型或边缘主导型为主。(3)西南典型城市南北向样带和东西向样带PD值和SHDI值规律性显著,从研究区空间距离上相关景观指标的变化趋势来看,靠近各城市中心的PD、LSI、SHDI值较低,远离各城市中心的PD、LSI、SHDI值较高;并且随着时间的增长,靠近各城市中心的PD、LSI、SHDI值呈逐年递降的趋势,远离城市中心的PD、LSI、SHDI值呈逐年递增的态势。(4)2007年和2016年沙坪坝区、温江区、白云区、呈贡区建设用地扩展现状的元胞数量增长最多,水田或旱地缩减数量最大,几乎与建设用地元胞增加数量相吻合。且2016年沙坪坝城市扩展模拟精度较低,仅为75.8%,其余研究区均达到83.2%以上;而2025年各研究城市扩展预测与2016年城市扩展现状和模拟情景相比,各研究区城市空间扩展主要沿交通线蔓延,铁路影响因素显著,生态景观保存完好,较符合未来城市发展的效果。
[Abstract]:The increasingly drastic land use change in the process of urbanization is an important factor affecting the social and economic development and ecological stability of the region and even the whole world. How to effectively and accurately obtain the comprehensive representation of longitudinal expansion of regional cities, compare the influence mechanism, and try to simulate the spatial dynamic pattern of urban development in the future. Seeking the path of sustainable urban development has become an important part of current urban research. This paper focuses on the background of typical rapid urbanization in southwest China and compares the main urban areas of Chongqing with the calculation of relevant land use models. The research contents of land use change characteristics and landscape ecological effects in Chengdu Metropolitan area, Guiyang City main District, Kunming HuanDianchi Administrative District, and with the aid of ArcGIS9.3 Fragstate3.3 ENVI5.0 and GeoSOS1.2.1 software, in the iso-fan analysis method, Based on the comprehensive application of urban expansion intensity and urban expansion index model, the dynamic evolution characteristics of urban expansion are deeply studied. The effects of different natural landforms and social and economic factors on urban expansion and evolution mechanism are analyzed in detail. At the same time, in order to further reveal the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of typical urban landscape patterns in southwest China and the inherent differences in landscape sequence, The main results are as follows: before 2001, with the exception of Chengdu metropolitan area, the scale of land type transfer in typical cities in southwest China was relatively small. The single land use dynamic degree, the comprehensive land use dynamic degree and the land use intensity are low, the landscape artificial disturbance area change is weak, after 2001, each city land use dynamic change process obviously speeds up, The scale of conversion between construction land and other land types increased significantly, and the single land use dynamic degree, comprehensive land use dynamic degree and land use intensity index increased continuously. Before 2001, in addition to the Chengdu metropolitan area, the construction land of typical cities in southwest China was expanding in scale and speed. Since 2001, the scale and rate of urban construction land expansion have maintained a high growth trend, and the intensity of urban expansion has deepened. However, the urban expansion in local areas still has significant uneven characteristics. The typical urban expansion patterns in Southwest China are mainly limb-jump dominant or marginal dominant. 3) South-North transect and east-west typical cities in Southwest China. The PD value and SHDI value of the transect have significant regularity. According to the change trend of landscape indexes in the spatial distance of the study area, the value of PDLSISHDI near the urban center is lower, and the value of PDLSISHDI from the city center is higher than that of the other city center, and with the increase of time, The SHDI value of PDLSIN near the city center is decreasing year by year, and the value of PDLSIN SHDI far away from the city center is increasing year by year.) in 2007 and 2016, the number of cells in Shapingba district, Wenjiang district, Baiyun district and Chenggong district increased the most in the present situation of construction land expansion. In 2016, the simulation accuracy of urban expansion of Shapingba was low, only 75.8, and the other research areas were above 83.2%. In 2025, compared with the present situation and simulation scenario of urban expansion in 2016, the urban spatial expansion of each study area mainly spread along the traffic line, the influence factors of railway were significant, and the ecological landscape was well preserved. More in line with the effect of future urban development.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.27

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