后殖民批评视阈下《黑暗的心》中的人性呼唤解读

发布时间：2018-02-27 01:31

本文关键词： 约瑟夫·康拉德后殖民批评主义文化霸权种族中心　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：约瑟夫·康拉德以其卓越的艺术成就,非凡的艺术主张和其在现代文学领域做出的突出贡献在二十世纪文坛占据了极其重要的位置。他的小说自问世以来不断受到读者的好评和评论界的关注。康拉德被公认为十九世纪末伟大的英国小说家之一。在进行文学创作之前,他曾经历了二十年的海上生活,因而也成为一位擅长以海上生活作为小说题材的伟大作家。《黑暗之心》是其最著名的一部小说,这部小说以他在刚果的亲身经历为素材,小说一问世就得到了文学评论家的关注,批评家们试图从哲学心理学以及政治等角度来研究并给予它很高的评价。本文将从后殖民批评主义视角来分析它。康拉德的小说题材涉猎很广,从政治小说到海洋小说,从丛林小说到航海小说,每一篇都包含了对人性、对时代的深刻思考。文学批评家们对其作品有着极大的兴趣,结合各种文学批评理论,对康拉德其人、文本、历史和社会环境等方面做了详尽且颇具成效的研究。《黑暗的心》是康拉德小说中非常重要的一部作品,批评家们从新历史主义、后殖民主义、种族主义等多个视角出发,以文本为基本对象,对该作品进行了深刻的探讨。本论文由五部分组成。本文首先简要介绍作者康拉德及他的作品《黑暗的心》;探讨这部作品的研究状况,指出从后殖民批评主义理论研究该作品的可行性和意义。在第一章中,概述后殖民批评的发展和起源以及其特征。在此基础之上以理论为参照,主要从小说的这反对文化差异,颠覆话语领导权,批判种族中心主义三个特征分析《黑暗的心》。从第二章开始对作品中体现的三个特征进行分析。在第二章中,通过反对文化霸权主义,灭绝人性的文化殖民统治来阐述后殖民主义对于文化差异的批判,第三章从殖民地剥夺政治和经济话语权来揭露话语的领导权,第四章从被殖民者对欧洲种族中心意识的排斥来批判欧洲种族中心意识,结语部分总结全文,重申主要论点。
[Abstract]:Joseph Conrad, for his remarkable artistic achievements, His extraordinary artistic propositions and his outstanding contributions to modern literature occupied an extremely important place in 20th century. His novel has been received by readers and critics since its inception. Conrad. Recognized as one of the great English novelists of the end of 19th century. Having lived at sea for twenty years, he became a great writer who was good at life at sea. Heart of Darkness is his most famous novel, based on his personal experience in Congo. As soon as the novel came out, it attracted the attention of literary critics. Critics try to study it from the angles of philosophy, psychology and politics, and give it a high evaluation. This paper will analyze it from the perspective of postcolonial criticism. Conrad's novels cover a wide range of subjects, from political novels to ocean novels. From jungle novels to nautical novels, every article contains profound reflections on human nature and the times. Literary critics have a great interest in his works, combining various literary criticism theories, to Conrad's people, the text, "the Heart of Darkness" is a very important work in Conrad's novels. Critics set out from the perspectives of new historicism, post-colonialism, racism and so on. Taking the text as the basic object, this thesis is composed of five parts. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces Conrad and his work Heart of Darkness, and discusses the research situation of this work. It points out the feasibility and significance of studying this work from the theory of post-colonial criticism. In the first chapter, it summarizes the development, origin and characteristics of post-colonial criticism. Subversion of discourse leadership, criticism of the three characteristics of ethnocentrism: the Heart of Darkness. The analysis of the three characteristics of the works from the second chapter. In the second chapter, by opposing cultural hegemonism, The dehumanizing cultural colonial rule illustrates the critique of post-colonialism on cultural differences. Chapter three reveals the leadership of discourse from colonial deprivation of political and economic discourse. Chapter 4th criticizes European ethnocentrism from the colonized rejection of European ethnocentrism. The conclusion summarizes the full text and restates the main points.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I561.074

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