道路几何设计对行车舒适性的影响与改善方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 10:27

本文选题：道路几何设计　切入点：行车舒适性　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人民生活水平的不断提高,越来越多的人追求高质量生活,人们出行不再仅仅满足于“有路行驶”,而是越来越要求“有好路行驶”,这就使汽车在公路上行驶时不仅要有安全性,舒适性也越来越受到重视。影响行车舒适性的因素有很多,其中道路几何设计因素是关键因素。但是,目前有关行车舒适性方面的研究基本都放在了其评价方法上,而从设计上提高行车舒适性的研究较少。因此,为了满足道路设计的发展所需,有必要对提高行车舒适性的道路几何设计改善方法展开研究。本文通过对行车舒适性的概念、表现形式和影响因素的分析,从运动学和视觉分析的角度出发,阐述了道路设计因素对行车舒适性的影响;并在学习借鉴国内外现有研究成果的基础上,提出了道路行车舒适性的评价标准与评价方法。在此基础上,采用定性分析与定量计算相结合的方法,研究了道路几何设计与行车舒适性的关系,结合行车舒适性改善的目标要求,分别从道路平面线形设计、纵断面线形设计,以及路基横断面和路侧景观设计等方面,提出了改善行车舒适性的具体措施和建议。在平面线形设计方面,首先建立了圆曲线半径以及缓和曲线长度与舒适性控制指标之间的关系,对满足行车舒适性的圆曲线最小半径和缓和曲线最小长度进行了研究;然后提出采用布劳斯曲线或者麦克康纳尔曲线作为高等级公路的缓和曲线,分析研究了这两种曲线对改善行车舒适性的意义及其设计要求;最后提出以限制轴向加速度的大小来控制基本型、S形曲线和卵形曲线的设计。在纵面线形设计方面,首先建立了竖曲线半径与竖向加速度之间的关系,联系实际情况,对其改善方法进行了研究;然后结合已有研究成果,定性分析纵坡设计对行车舒适性的影响,并给出了前后纵坡坡差的取值建议值。在路基横断面以及景观设计方面,结合路基横断面设计对行车舒适性的影响,对路基边坡和边沟的设计提出了改善建议;最后从视觉舒适的角度分析了景观设计对行车舒适性的影响,对其设计提出改善建议。本文分别从平面线形、纵面线形、路基及景观设计上提出了行车舒适性的改善措施和建议,研究成果为提高行车舒适性提供了理论支撑,对指导道路几何设计、改善道路行车舒适性具有一定的作用和实际参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, more and more people are pursuing a high quality of life. People are no longer satisfied with "driving with roads", but more and more require "driving with good roads", which makes cars not only have safety, but also pay more and more attention to comfort when driving on the highway. There are many factors that affect driving comfort. Among them, road geometric design is the key factor. However, at present, the research on driving comfort is basically focused on its evaluation method, but the research on improving driving comfort from design is less. In order to meet the needs of the development of road design, it is necessary to study the improving method of road geometry design to improve the driving comfort. From the point of view of kinematics and visual analysis, this paper expounds the influence of road design factors on driving comfort, and draws lessons from the existing research results at home and abroad. The evaluation standard and evaluation method of road driving comfort are put forward. On the basis of this, the relationship between road geometry design and driving comfort is studied by combining qualitative analysis with quantitative calculation. According to the goal of improving the driving comfort, the road plane line design, the longitudinal section line design, the roadbed cross section and the road side landscape design, etc. In the aspect of plane linear design, the relationship between radius of circular curve, length of detent curve and comfort control index is established. The minimum radius of circular curve and the minimum length of transition curve are studied, and the Browes curve or McConnell curve is proposed as the relief curve of high grade highway. The significance of the two curves to improve the driving comfort and the design requirements are analyzed and studied. Finally, the design of the basic type S-shaped curve and the oval curve is proposed to control the basic type of the S-shaped curve and the oval curve by limiting the magnitude of the axial acceleration. Firstly, the relationship between vertical curve radius and vertical acceleration is established, and the improvement method is studied according to the actual situation, and then the influence of longitudinal slope design on driving comfort is qualitatively analyzed. In the aspect of roadbed cross-section and landscape design, combined with the influence of roadbed cross-section design on driving comfort, some suggestions for improving the design of roadbed slope and side ditch are put forward. Finally, from the angle of visual comfort, the influence of landscape design on driving comfort is analyzed, and some suggestions for improving the design are put forward. In the design of roadbed and landscape, the improvement measures and suggestions of driving comfort are put forward. The research results provide theoretical support for improving driving comfort and guide the road geometry design. Improving road driving comfort has certain function and practical reference value.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.3

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