红叶石楠碧蛾蜡蝉的发生规律及其防治

发布时间：2018-03-20 12:15

本文选题：红叶石楠　切入点：碧蛾蜡蝉　出处：《浙江农林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：红叶石楠为当前园林绿化和造林的重要树种,随着大量而广泛应用,红叶石楠上病虫害的防治已成为当前其种植养活过程的重要组成部分。碧蛾蜡蝉作为危害红叶石楠的主要虫害之一,目前国内外在分类、种群及其对于茶树等经济树种的危害和防治较为集中,但对于红叶石楠及其他一些主要绿化树种的危害发生和防治,还少见报道。为系统了解并掌握舟山海岛地区碧蛾蜡蝉的主要生物学习性,并对红叶石楠上碧蛾蜡蝉危害的防治提供参考,本文对舟山地区红叶石楠上碧蛾蜡蝉的发生规律进行了调查,并选择40%杀扑磷乳油、75%敌敌畏乳油、20%氰戊菊酯乳油、10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂对碧蛾蜡蝉进行了药剂防治试验。主要结果如下:(1)碧蛾蜡蝉在舟山地区一年发生一代,以卵在红叶石楠枝梢内越冬,若虫于5月上旬开始孵化,5月中旬至下旬为孵化盛期;6月中旬成虫始发,6月下旬至7月下旬为盛发期,可持续发生至10月下旬或11月上旬。(2)碧蛾蜡蝉对红叶石楠的危害方式主要有以下4种:第一,若虫、成虫刺吸嫩梢的方式为害;第二,成虫产卵于枝梢上,形成纵向刻痕,造成翌年新梢抽梢率降低;第三,若、成虫分泌蜜露,吸引蚜虫、蚂蚁等,引发煤污病等;第四,若虫爬行时,会在枝条上残留大量白色蜡絮,影响植株光合作用的进行和景观效果。(3)田间防治试验结果表明4种药剂3天、7天、10天、15天的校正防效分别为:40%杀扑磷乳油85.1%、96.4%、97.5%、93.9%;75%敌敌畏乳油89.8%、100%、96.1%、93.8%;10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂80.3%、82.1%、84.4%、79.8%;20%氰戊菊酯乳油86.1%、94.6%、96.8%、94.7%。从试验效果来看,几种药剂的防治效果依次为杀扑磷乳油、氰戊菊酯乳油敌敌畏乳油吡虫啉可湿性粉剂。(4)从防治效果、安全性、价格、市场实际需求等多方面综合情况来看,在现实生产中,对于红叶石楠上碧蛾蜡蝉的防治,推荐采用敌敌畏乳油和吡虫啉可湿性粉剂,相对经济实惠,容易采购且能达到基本的防治效果。
[Abstract]:As an important tree species for landscaping and afforestation, Photinia rugosa has been widely used in many fields. The control of diseases and insect pests on Photinia mandshurica has become an important part of its current planting and feeding process. As one of the main pests that harm Photinia rubrum, it is classified at home and abroad. The population, its harm to economic tree species such as tea and its prevention and control are concentrated, but to the occurrence and control of the harm to the red leaf Photinia and some other main greening tree species, It is also a rare report. It is helpful to understand and master the main biological habits of the wax cicada in Zhoushan island area, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of the harm of the wax cicada on the red leaf Photinia. In this paper, the occurrence regularity of the cicadas on Photinia mandshurica in Zhoushan area was investigated. The experiment was carried out with 75% dichlorvos and 20% fenvalerate and 10% imidacloprid wettable powder to control the cicadas. The main results are as follows: 1) the cicadas have a first generation of wax in Zhoushan area. Eggs were overwintering in the branches of Photinia rubrum, nymphs hatched on early May and hatched from middle of May to late days. Sustainable occurrence to late October or early November.) the harmfulness mode of wax cicada to Photinia rubrum is mainly as follows: first, nymphs, adults are hurt by the way of sucking young shoots; second, adults lay eggs on branches and form longitudinal marks. The rate of shoot sprouting will decrease the following year; third, if adults secrete nectar, attract aphids, ants and so on, cause coal stain, etc.; 4th, nymphs will remain a large amount of white wax floc on the branches when crawling, The results of field control experiments on plant photosynthesis and landscape effects showed that the corrected control effects of the four insecticides in the range of 3 days, 7 days, 10 days and 15 days, respectively, were as follows: 80. 40%, 85.1%, 96. 4%, 97. 5%, 75% dichlorvos emulsifiable oil 89. 896. 893. 810% imidacloprid wettable powder 80.32.11%, 84.4%, 79.8%, 20% cyanocyanide, respectively. Fenvalerate emulsifiable oil 86.1% 94.6% and 96.8% 94.7%. From the point of view of the effect of the experiment, The control effects of several kinds of medicament are as follows: fenvalerate EC, DDVP EC, imidacloprid wettable powder, etc.) from the comprehensive situation of control effect, safety, price, market actual demand and so on, in the actual production, It is recommended that dichlorvos emulsifiable oil and imidacloprid wettable powder should be used to control the cicadas on Photinia mandshurica, which is relatively economical, easy to purchase and can achieve basic control effect.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S436.8

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