基于云理论的山区道路景观行车安全综合评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 05:36

本文选题：山区道路景观　切入点：行车安全　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着道路交通事业的发展,交通事故不断增加。其中道路景观直接影响到驾驶人的驾驶状况和驾驶心理,从而对行车安全造成影响。而这一点在山区道路中影响尤为明显。因此,开展山区道路景观的行车安全评价研究,探索一种适用于此领域的综合评价方法,具有较强的现实指导意义。本文基于对国内外道路景观与道路安全评价方法研究现状的系统综述,根据我国道路的实际情况,在道路景观对驾驶人行车安全影响的评价指标体系、定性指标权重的确定以及综合评价方法等方面进行了深入研究。首先,在查阅相关研究资料、对比分析国内外道路景观与安全评价方法的基础上,明确了本文道路景观安全评价的使用方法,即将基于云理论的云模型和云重心评价法引入到道路景观行车安全评价领域,并对此方法做了详细介绍。其次,根据评价指标体系构建原则,综合利用聚类分析法、专家咨询法、会内会外法对道路景观构成的各个风险要素进行指标聚类和筛选,并结合构成要素法,构建了融合道路景观的工程景观安全风险因素、自然景观安全风险因素和人文景观安全风险因素三大类的综合评价指标体系。再次,利用微信进行问卷调研,此种问卷调研方法低碳环保,便捷高效,值得利用。对于指标权重的确定,探索使用云模型转换法求取出评价指标权重。此种方法综合考虑了评价指标的模糊性和随机性,实现了定性概念向定量数据的合理转化。最后,基于已建成的道路景观行车安全综合评价模型,利用云重心评价法对洛阳龙潭峡地区(石井-红岩寺-龙潭峡)道路景观行车安全风险进行实例分析,并通过定性测评云发生器实现整体以及局部逐级仿真。结果表明:洛阳龙潭峡(石井-红岩寺-龙潭峡)地区道路景观行车安全水平整体较差,其中,自然景观、工程景观和人文景观这三项一级指标的评价结果都为“较差”,但由正态云模型仿真图得出,自然景观的行车安全水平远优于人文景观与工程景观,人文景观的设计形态相较于自然景观、工程景观对当地行车安全性影响更大。本文通过对道路景观与行车安全的影响关系研究,进而实现对道路景观行车安全的综合评价方法研究。此研究结果一定程度上说明了云模型及云重心评价法适用于此领域,期望评价结果对当地的道路景观行车安全水平改善有所进益,同时为交通安全评价领域提供了一种可探索使用的新方法,为道路安全非主体影响因素研究引入一种新手段。
[Abstract]:With the development of road traffic, traffic accidents are increasing, among which the road landscape directly affects the driver's driving condition and driving psychology. Therefore, the study on the evaluation of driving safety of mountain road landscape is carried out to explore a comprehensive evaluation method suitable for this field. This paper is based on a systematic review of the current research situation of road landscape and road safety evaluation methods at home and abroad, according to the actual situation of roads in China. In the road landscape impact on driving safety evaluation index system, qualitative index weight determination and comprehensive evaluation methods and other aspects of in-depth research. First, in reference to relevant research materials, On the basis of comparative analysis of road landscape and safety assessment methods at home and abroad, this paper clarifies the use method of road landscape safety evaluation, that is, cloud model based on cloud theory and cloud barycenter evaluation method are introduced into the field of road landscape traffic safety evaluation. The method is introduced in detail. Secondly, according to the principles of evaluation index system construction, cluster analysis, expert consultation, in-session and out-of-session methods are used to cluster and screen the risk factors of road landscape. Combined with the method of component elements, the comprehensive evaluation index system of engineering landscape safety risk factors, natural landscape safety risk factors and humanistic landscape security risk factors is constructed. Using WeChat to carry out questionnaire investigation, this kind of questionnaire survey method is low carbon environmental protection, convenient and efficient, is worth using. This paper explores the use of cloud model transformation method to obtain the weight of evaluation index. This method considers comprehensively the fuzziness and randomness of evaluation index, and realizes the reasonable transformation from qualitative concept to quantitative data. Finally, Based on the comprehensive evaluation model of road landscape driving safety, the paper analyzes the road landscape safety risk of Luoyang Longtan Gorge area (Shijing Hongyan Temple Longtan Gorge) by using cloud gravity evaluation method. The results show that the road landscape safety level in Luoyang Longtan Gorge (Shijing-Hongyansi Longtan Gorge) area is poor, among which, natural landscape. The evaluation results of engineering landscape and humanistic landscape are all "poor", but the safety level of natural landscape is far better than that of human landscape and engineering landscape, according to the simulation diagram of normal cloud model. Compared with the natural landscape, the design form of the humanistic landscape has a greater impact on the safety of the local traffic. This paper studies the relationship between the road landscape and the traffic safety. The results show that the cloud model and the cloud center of gravity evaluation method are applicable in this field. It is expected that the evaluation results will be beneficial to the improvement of the safety level of the local road landscape traffic, at the same time, it will provide a new method that can be used in the field of traffic safety evaluation, and introduce a new method for the study of the non-main influencing factors of road safety.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U418.9

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