广西药用植物园树种资源及其园林应用

发布时间：2018-03-28 15:22

  本文选题：药用树种　切入点：物种保存　出处：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：广西药用植物园(以下简称药园)创建于1959年,2011年被英国吉尼斯认证为“世界上面积最大、引种栽培药用植物最多的专业性药用植物园”。截至2013年,药园引种了约8600种药用植物。作者采用实地调查与查阅资料相结合方法,针对园内的树种资源进行调查、统计、分析,探讨树种资源保存状况；根据园林植物的景观特性、园林用途及应用特点,分析园区树种的开发及应用状况。本文旨在为药园树种资源的引种、保护、开发及管理提供科学依据,为今后树种引种提供技术支撑和理论参考。主要研究结果如下：(1).据统计,药园引种栽培的树种有1637种(含亚种、变种、变型),隶属于125科610属。其中被子植物115科581属1570种,裸子植物10科29属67种。(2).据统计分析,药园树种共有125科。其中,种总数≥30种以上的科,有14科765种,占科总数的12.8%,占种总数的50.63%,分别为：大戟科38属91种、蔷薇科25属85种、蝶形花科31属79种、茜草科29属59种、木兰科7属55种、芸香科16属56种、茶科8属52种、桑科9属50种、马鞭草科12属47种、苏木科14属42种、夹竹桃科23属41种、樟科9属39种、紫金牛科6属37种、忍冬科7属32种。(3).据统计分析,药园树种的属有610属。其中,属内种数≥20,有7属184种,占属总数的1.15%,占种总数的11.24%,列为药园优势属；单属单种有308属,占属总数的50.49%。(4).经统计与分析,药园树种构成为乔木：灌木：藤本≈5：6：1；针叶树种占4.1%,阔叶树种占95.9%；常绿树种占50.9%,落叶树种占49.1%。(5).据统计,药园收集各类别的保护珍稀濒危树种108种,占全园树种数的6.60%,分别属于39个科,占总科数的28.8%。其中有国家重点保护植物64种,隶属于28科；属广西重点保护植物(第一批)38种,隶属于16科；有13种属“IUCN红色名录”的物种,隶属9科；有18种属“CITES附录”名单的植物。(6).根据植物景观主要应用类型分类,将药园树种可以分为6类(部分树种具多种用途)：孤植树(150种)、行道树(338种)、庭荫树(488种)、蔓藤树种(118种)、篱垣树种(134种)、防护木(505种)。(7).根据树种的观赏特性分类,药园保存的树种可以划分13类：叶木类(404种)、花木类(300种)、果木类(280种)、枝干类(26种)、观姿类(300种)、季相树种(33种)、花叶类(105种)、叶果类(49种)、叶姿类(26种)、花果类(90种)、花茎类(7种)、花姿类(19种)、果姿类(6种)等。(8).本文还就药园树种资源保护与园区利用中存在的问题进行了剖析,提出初步解决的建议。
[Abstract]:Guangxi Medical Botanical Garden ( hereinafter referred to as the medicine garden ) was founded in 1959 , and is certified by British Guinness as the largest professional medicinal botanical garden in the world with the largest area in the world . As of 2013 , about 8600 medicinal plants have been introduced in the pharmaceutical park . By using the method of combining field investigation and consulting data , the author conducts investigation , statistics and analysis on the tree species resources in the garden , and discusses the preservation of tree species resources .
According to the landscape characteristics , landscape application and application characteristics of garden plants , the paper analyzes the development and application of tree species in the park . The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific basis for the introduction , protection , development and management of tree species resources . The main results are as follows : ( 1 ) . According to statistics , there are 1637 species ( including subspecies , varieties and variants ) of tree species cultivated in the pharmaceutical park . According to the statistical analysis , there are 125 families of tree species . Among them , there are 14 families and 765 species , accounting for 12.8 % of the total families , accounting for 50.63 % of the total species . According to the statistical analysis , there are 610 genera of tree species . Among them , there are 7 genera and 184 species , accounting for 1 . 15 % of the total species , accounting for 11.24 % of the total species .
The total number of single species is 308 genera , accounting for 50.49 % of the total . After statistics and analysis , the tree species were arbor : shrub : liana 鈮，

本文编号：1676893