南京市10所小学校园植物景观调研评价与改善策略

发布时间：2018-04-01 10:06

  本文选题：小学校园　切入点：植物景观　出处：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：植物景观是校园物理环境的重要组成部分。根据小学校园的自然属性与文化特点,因地制宜地进行植物景观建设,营造出美丽、益智、童趣、活泼、舒适的校园对处于成长重要阶段的儿童来说至关重要。本文以南京市10所著名小学校园绿地为研究对象,通过实地调查,对各校功能区植物景观的配置方式进行实例分析,深入探讨小学校园物种各项群落学指标,并运用层次分析法对综合评价分析各校植物景观,得出其植物景观的现状与特点。最后针对不足之处提出相应的优化发展建议。主要研究结果如下:1、10所小学校园绿地共有维管束植物165种,分属于71科,127属。乔木、灌木、草本地被、藤本、水生植物种类的比值为61:56:21:17:5。各校园中运用乡土植物不到南京地区地带性乡土植物的三分之一,缺乏对于本土植物资源的有效利用。常用绿化树种的高频使用致使各校植物景观具有一定雷同性,降低辨识度。但通过调研发现,各小学之间的相似性在10%—40%,总体植物材料应用的的相似性比例相对偏低,一些低频树种的运用也使得校园植物景观各具特色。2、对10所小学校园植物景观进行综合评价分析,结果显示:南京师范大学仙林实验小学、银城小学、南京师范大学附属小学、长江路小学钟山花园城分校与拉萨路小学5所小学校园绿地综合品质均达到Ⅰ级,其特点为植物种类丰富,形式多样,景观美感度高,并且能根据儿童生理、心理尺度与兴趣点,满足功能性、人文性、安全性、隐育性、趣味性的需求。相比,琅琊路小学植物缺乏多样性,各功能区配置模式雷同,生态调节能力弱,校园绿地综合品质相对较低。3、通过对10所小学校园植物景观调研分析,针对各校园出现的场地空间不足、植物景观雷同、文化内涵缺失、人性化设计欠缺、潜在安全隐患等存在问题,针对老、新校区绿地植物景观现状,分别提出重点突出,综合利用,寓教于乐的优化策略与注重校园人性化设计和人文内涵,加强养护管理,避免单一、速成的绿地景观的改善建议。希望通过本文的探讨研究,能对小学校园植物景观的建设起到抛砖引玉之效,并为今后的深入研究搭建一个新的平台。
[Abstract]:Plant landscape is an important part of campus physical environment.According to the natural attributes and cultural characteristics of the primary school campus, it is very important to construct a beautiful, intelligent, childlike, lively and comfortable campus for the children who are in an important stage of growing up.This paper takes the green space of 10 famous primary schools in Nanjing as the research object, through the field investigation, carries on the example analysis to each school function area plant landscape disposition way, deeply discusses the primary school campus species community each index.The present situation and characteristics of plant landscape of each school were analyzed by analytic hierarchy process (AHP).Finally, the paper puts forward the corresponding suggestions for optimization and development in view of the deficiency.The main results are as follows: there are 165 species of vascular plants in 10 primary schools, which belong to 127 genera and 71 families.The ratio of trees, shrubs, herbs, lianas, and aquatic plant species is 61: 56: 21: 17: 5.The use of native plants in each campus is less than 1/3 of that of the native plants in Nanjing, which is short of the effective utilization of native plant resources.The high frequency use of common greening tree species makes the plant landscape of each school have a certain degree of thunder and reduce the degree of identification.However, through the investigation, we found that the similarity between the primary schools is between 10 and 40, and the proportion of similarity in the application of plant materials in general is relatively low.The use of some low-frequency tree species also makes the plant landscape of the campus have their own characteristics. The comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the plant landscape in 10 primary schools show that: Xianlin Experimental Primary School of Nanjing normal University, Yincheng Primary School, Primary School affiliated to Nanjing normal University,The comprehensive quality of green space of five primary schools, namely Zhong Shan Garden City, Changjiang Road Primary School, and Lhasa Primary School, has reached grade 鈪，

本文编号：1695078