马铃薯甲虫种群空间格局与扩散研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 04:26

本文选题：马铃薯甲虫 + 荒漠绿洲　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：马铃薯甲虫是我国重大检疫性有害生物,其传播速度快,危害严重。为探索马铃薯甲虫综合防控新技术方法,本研究以马铃薯甲虫为对象,使用地统计和插值方法,明确马铃薯甲虫田间种群时空分布格局,田间种群扩散规律,以及新疆荒漠绿洲生境特点的影响。结果表明：1、新疆地区马铃薯甲虫田间种群分布呈聚集状态,每一世代种群密度由田块边缘逐步向中心区域转移,表现为初期边缘密度高,后期中心区域密度高。马铃薯田块边缘是马铃薯甲虫防控的关键区域,田块边缘区域种植非寄主植物或建立物理阻隔能有效防控马铃薯甲虫的为害。2、在新疆马铃薯甲虫发生区,不同世代马铃薯甲虫成虫(越冬代、第一代、第二代)在田间主要通过短距离爬行。在田间扩散速度上,马铃薯甲虫第一代成虫扩散速度显著低于越冬代和第二代成虫,第二代和越冬代成虫的扩散速度之间的差异不显著,雌虫的扩散速度普遍大于雄虫。在扩散方向上,各世代成虫扩散没有明显的规律性,呈向四周随机扩散趋势。3、新疆地区具有典型的荒漠绿洲生态景观特点,马铃薯甲虫寄主植物短缺,以及新疆天山山脉的地理阻隔作用,导致新疆地区马铃薯甲虫的现有分布特点与种群扩散规律。进一步加强马铃薯甲虫分布前沿地区野生寄主植物铲除和田间密度控制,压低成虫密度,制约其传播扩散,对于马铃薯甲虫的综合治理具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Potato beetle is a major quarantine pest in China.In order to explore a new technique for comprehensive control and prevention of potato beetles, the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of potato beetle population and the diffusion law of potato beetle population in the field were determined by using geostatistics and interpolation method.And the influence of the characteristics of desert oasis habitat in Xinjiang.The results showed that the population distribution of potato beetles in Xinjiang was clustered, and the population density of each generation was gradually transferred from the edge of the field to the central area, showing high marginal density in the early stage and high density in the central area in the later stage.The edge of potato field is the key area for the control of potato beetles. Planting non-host plants or establishing physical barriers can effectively control the damage of potato beetles in Xinjiang.Adults of different generations of potato beetles (overwintering, first and second generation) crawled mainly through short distances in the field.In the field diffusion rate, the diffusion rate of the first generation adult of potato beetle was significantly lower than that of the overwintering generation and the second generation adult, and the difference between the second generation and the wintering generation was not significant. The diffusion speed of female was generally higher than that of male.In the direction of diffusion, there is no obvious regularity in the spread of adult insects in each generation, and the trend of random diffusion is. 3. Xinjiang has typical ecological landscape characteristics of desert oasis, and the shortage of potato beetle host plants.The geographical barrier effect of Tianshan mountain range in Xinjiang leads to the distribution characteristics and population diffusion law of potato beetles in Xinjiang.It is of great significance for the comprehensive management of potato beetles to further strengthen the eradication of wild host plants and control of field density in the front areas of potato beetle distribution, so as to reduce the density of adult insects and restrict their spread.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S433.5

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