甘肃天水堡寨建造技术及保护对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 19:26

本文选题：堡寨 + 结构病害防治　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：堡寨,又称为堡子,是甘肃天水地区广泛存在的一种生土夯筑的军民两用的建筑。天水堡寨从公元23年的隗嚣城到民国时设立三岔厅的吴砦发展变化了将近两千年,蕴含了深厚的天水历史文化和建筑艺术。但是作为生土夯筑的建筑,自身由于风蚀、雨淋、鼠洞、植物根系生长等自然环境因素的作用,堡寨的主要构件—堡墙发生了严重的损坏。基于天水武山县滩歌镇威远寨的现场勘察与试验进行了堡寨建筑施工技术的分析和整理工作,同时对堡寨的结构病害也做了分析和探讨。采用施工现场模拟和入户调查访问以及遗迹勘查、传统施工工艺的比较分析等方法对天水堡寨施工工艺进行了分析和整理;采用现场勘查的方法从堡墙植被覆盖度、根系分布情况以及土体风蚀损化的演变机理、鼠洞、人为干扰等方面对堡寨的结构病害进行了较全面的分析研究。结果表明:堡寨施工工艺随着老艺人去世、继承者缺失,存在着很大的失传风险;现存的施工工具也极为稀少,要尽快加以保护收集;堡寨的结构病害问题研究,影响因素繁多。其中,堡墙表层的植物对墙体的影响有双重作用,具体表现为小型的草本植物可以有效减弱雨水对生土墙的冲刷,但是植物根系发达粗大的灌木和乔木,顺着堡墙顶部向下发展对堡寨也有破坏作用。此外,墙体表层的风蚀留下了大量坑洼痕迹,又进一步会引起雨水和盐溶对堡墙的破坏。鉴于堡寨现存的结构病害有可能加大堡墙的损坏程度,本文认为对堡寨进行人工干预保护是有必要的。可通过幼苗的及时拔除、松软部分土层的夯实以及鼠洞灌填、土体表层喷涂加固等方式降低堡墙损坏的进程,延长堡寨的使用寿命。
[Abstract]:Baozhai, also known as Baozi, is a kind of dual-purpose building built by ramming raw soil in Tianshui area of Gansu province.Wu Zhai, who set up Sancha Hall in the Republic of China, developed and changed for nearly 2,000 years from Kui'zhao City in 23 AD to Wu Zhai, who set up Sancha Hall in the Republic of China. It contains profound history, culture and architectural art of Tianshui.But because of the natural environment factors such as wind erosion, rain dripping, rodent cave, plant root growth and so on, the main component of the fortress, the wall of the castle, has been seriously damaged.Based on the on-the-spot investigation and test of Weiyuan village in Tan GE Town, Wushan County, Tianshui, this paper analyzes and arranges the construction technology of Baozhai building, and analyzes and probes into the structural diseases of Baozhai at the same time.This paper analyzes and arranges the construction technology of Tianshui Fort stockade by means of construction site simulation, household survey visit, relic survey, comparison and analysis of the traditional construction technology, and adopts the method of site survey to analyze and arrange the vegetation coverage of the castle wall.The distribution of root system, the evolution mechanism of soil erosion and erosion, the rodent cave and human interference were analyzed and studied in the aspects of structural diseases of Baozhai.The results show that: with the death of the old artists, there is a great risk of loss due to the absence of successors; the extant construction tools are also very rare, which should be protected and collected as soon as possible; the structural diseases of the fortresses are studied.There are many influencing factors.Among them, the plant on the surface of the wall has a double effect on the wall, which is manifested in that small herbaceous plants can effectively weaken Rain Water's scour on the soil wall, but the plant roots are developed and thick shrubs and trees.Along the top of the castle wall down the development of the fortress also has a destructive effect.In addition, wind erosion on the surface of the wall leaves a large number of potholes, which will cause further damage to the wall by Rain Water and salt solution.In view of the existing structural diseases may increase the damage degree of the castle wall, this paper thinks that it is necessary to carry out artificial intervention to protect the fortress.The damage process of the wall can be reduced by removing the seedlings in time ramming the soft part of the soil and filling the rodent hole and strengthening the surface layer of the soil so as to prolong the service life of the fortress.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU-87

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