云南富宁水合口金矿控矿构造分析及找矿预测

发布时间：2018-05-03 19:17

  本文选题：滇东南寒武系 + 微细粒浸染型金矿　； 参考：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水合口金矿位于富宁县田蓬镇,属滇黔桂“金三角”之西南角。自上世纪90年代以来在滇东南地区发现了多处微细粒浸染型金矿,显现出了良好的找矿前景。近年来,随着滇东南微细粒浸染型金矿勘查和开发的力度不断加强,地表矿、浅部矿、易识别矿或者说已探明的泥盆系、三叠系和二叠系主要赋矿层位区的矿日益减少,金矿勘查正向寻找隐伏矿、深部矿、难识别矿或特殊景观区、其它含矿层位的方向转变。成矿理论对找矿工作的指导日益突出,勘查技术方法在找矿中起着关键作用,化探数据处理方法及意义越来越大。尽管如此,滇东南寒武系微细粒浸染型金矿的研究程度依旧较低。本文是在滇东南地区分布广泛、厚度巨大的寒武系中指定区域内寻找金矿的一次尝试。基于预测区研究程度较低,本文在收集大量区域成矿背景资料的基础上,以构造为主线,以区域成矿学、遥感地质为理论指导,以研究生期间在文山—西畴Au-As-Sb-Cu-Pb-Zn成矿带中找矿实践为基础,通过总结对比区内典型微细粒浸染型金矿地质特征、控矿要素和成矿规律,得出断裂是微细粒浸染型金矿的首要重要的控矿因素；由于预测区处于岩溶景观区的特殊环境,断裂构造往往隐伏难以识别,因此本文在前人的基础上使用ETM+遥感影像对区域性断裂进行解译,在前人的基础上加深本区在区域上构造分级控矿方面的认识,并发现区内金矿、地层、岩体的分布均受构造控制。在针对矿区地质进行研究过程中,本文通过遥感+野外调查的技术手段快速提取预测区构造信息；在详细的野外地质调查基础上,使用DEM高程模型和OLI遥感影像提取预测区线状构造,并使用主成分分析法提取铁染蚀变,并从中间接获取断裂构造信息；由于预测区以往地质工作几乎为空白,找矿标志不明显,因此在该区实施了17.30kmm2的1：1万土壤地球化学,并使用传统统计学方法和奇异性分析法提取土壤地球化学异常,发现土壤地球化学异常的空间分布、分带性和浓集中心等特征均严格受构造控制；通过对“地、化、遥”所提取的成矿信息综合归并,从而圈定找矿靶区,最后在有利的构造部位进行查证,经查证发现并圈定矿体一个,印证了本次工作的有效性和针对性。本文取得的认识与成果主要如下：1.滇东南微细粒浸染型金矿的构造分级控矿特征明显,已发现的大—中型矿床均产出于深大断裂边界附近,预测区位于广南—富宁深大断裂、文山—麻栗坡深大断裂围成的文山—富宁构造成矿带内。通过对区内典型矿床的对比研究认为,微细粒浸染型金矿的赋矿围岩不具专属性,各时代地层、岩浆岩中均有不同程度金矿产出,不纯的碳酸盐岩+有利的断裂构造是有利的成矿部位。2.受广南—富宁断裂和文山—富宁弧形构造带的共同影响,预测区附近的断裂以北西向为主。预测区有两条区域性大型断裂切过,均为北西向断裂,分别为普阳断裂和木来断裂,这两条断裂形迹基本平行于广南—富宁断裂,且穿过文山—富宁弧形构造带的中部和尾部,是为预测区的主控构造；预测区出露地层以寒武系中统为主,岩性以碳酸盐岩—细碎屑岩组合为主,属于有利的赋矿岩性。预测区北东方向约14kmm有一大型金矿—革档金矿,但是预测区的以往工作程度一片空白；3.采用地质填图、遥感地质的方法手段快速提取预测区断裂构造信息,由于预测区以往地质工作几乎为一片空白,因此使用土壤地球化学测量提取矿化信息,并分别使用传统方法和奇异性分析法圈定土壤地球化学异常。综合“地化遥”数据大胆预测,圈定找矿靶区。通过初步查证,已发现金矿体一个,印证了构造是本区微细粒浸染型金矿的首要重要的控矿因素,后续验证工程正在展开。基于“预测→查证→补充→预测”的科学找矿原则,笔者针对该矿体进行了详细的工作,认为构造是首要控矿因素。通过节理统计和地应力复原得出,该矿体周围的岩石首先受到NW-SE向的主压应力产生张性的NW向断层,之后受到近EW向的主压应力挤压改造。
[Abstract]:In recent years , as the exploration and exploitation of fine - grained disseminated gold deposits in Southeast Yunnan have been strengthened continuously , the exploration and development of gold deposits in Southeast Yunnan have been strengthened .
Because the prediction area is in the special environment of karst landscape area , the fault structure is often hidden and difficult to identify . Therefore , based on the former , this paper interprets the regional faults by using the remote sensing image , and finds out that the distribution of gold deposit , stratum and rock mass in the area is controlled by tectonic control . In the process of studying the geology of the mining area , this paper extracts the tectonic information of the prediction area quickly through the technical means of remote sensing + field investigation .
Based on the detailed field geological survey , the DEM elevation model and OLI remote sensing image are used to extract the linear structure of the prediction area , and the main component analysis method is used to extract the iron stain alteration , and the fault structure information is acquired indirectly .
Since the previous geological work of the prediction area is almost blank , the prospecting mark is not obvious , therefore , 1 : 10000 soil geochemistry of 17.30 kmm2 is implemented in this area , and the geochemical anomalies of soil are extracted by using the traditional statistical method and the singularity analysis method , and the spatial distribution , the zoning and concentration centers of the soil geochemical anomalies are found to be strictly controlled by the structure ;
According to the comparative study of the typical deposits in the area , it is found that there are two regional large fractures in the south - southeast of Yunnan .
The outcropped strata in the prediction area are mainly Cambrian series , and the lithology is dominated by carbonate - fine clastic rock combination , which belongs to the favorable ore - bearing lithology . The prediction area is about 14kmm in the north - east direction of the prediction area , which has a large - scale gold deposit - leaya gold deposit , but the previous work degree of the prediction area is blank ;
3 . The geological mapping and remote sensing geology method are adopted to quickly extract the fault structure information of the prediction area . Because the previous geological work of the prediction area is almost blank , the geochemical anomaly of the soil is determined by using the traditional method and the singularity analysis method . Based on the prediction 鈫，

本文编号：1839749