基于3S技术的日喀则生态环境质量评价研究试验

发布时间：2018-05-09 13:18

本文选题：生态环境质量 + NDVI　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以日喀则市为研究区域,应用2015年LC8遥感影像数据、GIS技术和野外实地验证的支持下,建立了日喀则市土地利用结构空间数据库;并以全市18个县(市)为评价单元,计算日喀则市的城市景观格局指数。在此基础上,通过分析遥感解译数据及相关统计数据计算日喀则市地区的各类监测指数,如植被覆盖指数、土地胁迫指数等。另外生物丰度及水网密度两种指数也包含在环境质量指数指标体系中;在此基础上,依据各监测指标的权重,生成最终衡量环境质量的生态环境状况指数(EI)值;针对日喀则市的生态环境问题提出相关建议。通过分析,本文得出如下结论:(1)本研究方案的土地利用结构解译准确率达到87.5%。LC8影像的清晰度、纹理性较好,能较清楚地反映区域的地形地貌状态和土地利用结构。日喀则市遥感解译的最佳时相是7~8月份。(2)2015年日喀则市解译出的区域总面积为17.87万km2,遥感解译图班共计26541个。通过数据可以看出利用结构中草地占比最重,占地86099.79km2,占比总体土地利用面积的48.18%;其次是未利用地,达到68066.24km2,占38.09%;第三为水域,面积为12058.28km2,占6.75%;依次是林地,面积为9479.84km2,占5.30%;耕地面积为2347.83km2,占1.31%;次之占比最小的为城乡、工矿、居民等建设使用面积664.85km2,仅为整体的0.37%。(3)日喀则市EI指数较高的区域集中在西部、中部和西北区域的南木林区、桑珠孜区、拉孜县城、江孜木县城、仁布县城、吉隆县城、亚东县城、白朗县城等。而EI指数较低的区域主要集中在北部、南部的定节县、康巴县、撒嘎县、定日县、岗坝县、康马县等。主要原因为该区域人口相对密度高,较其他城市更为集中,地理海拔又相对低,环境较差。最高的是桑珠孜区,EI指数达到49.14,最低的是岗巴县,为31.28。(4)本文借助遥感影像数据、GIS技术、GPS技术,定量与定性相结合地分析了日喀则市生态环境状况,各监测指标参数易于获取,研究方法曾有相关应用,可行性高,操作性强,最终评价结果也能够较为真实的反映实际生态现状。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the spatial database of land use structure of Xigaze City is established with the support of 2015 remote sensing image data and field verification, and 18 counties (cities) in the whole city are used as evaluation units. Calculate the index of urban landscape pattern in Xigaze. On the basis of this, the monitoring indexes such as vegetation cover index, land stress index and so on are calculated by analyzing remote sensing interpretation data and related statistical data. In addition, two indexes of biological abundance and water network density are also included in the index system of environmental quality, on the basis of which, the EI value of the ecological environmental condition index, which is the final measure of environmental quality, is generated according to the weight of each monitoring index. In view of the ecological environment of Xigaze City, put forward some relevant suggestions. Based on the analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the accuracy rate of interpretation of land use structure of this research scheme reaches the definition of 87.5%.LC8 image, the texture is better, and it can clearly reflect the landform and landform state and land use structure of the area. The best time phase for remote sensing interpretation of Xigaze is in July and August.) in 2015, the total area of Xigaze interpretation is 178700 km ~ 2, and the total number of remote sensing interpretation classes is 26541. It can be seen from the data that the proportion of grassland in the utilization structure is the heaviest, covering an area of 86099.79km2, accounting for 48.18% of the total land use area, followed by unused land (68066.24km2, 38.09km2), water area (12058.28km2), and forest land (6.75). The area is 9479.84km2, accounting for 5.30; the cultivated land area is 2347.83km2, accounting for 1.31; the second is urban and rural areas, industry, mining, residents and other construction uses area 664.85km2, which is only 0.377.85km2. The areas with higher ei index of Xigaze City are concentrated in the western, central and northwest regions of the South Wood Forest region. Sanzhu District, Lazi County, Jiangzi County, Renbu County, Jilong County, Yadong County, Bailang County, etc. The lower ei index is mainly in the northern, southern Dingjie County, Kangba County, Saga County, Dingri County, Gangba County, Kangma County and so on. The main reasons are that the population density in this area is higher than that in other cities, the geographical elevation is relatively low, and the environment is poor. The highest one is that the index of Ei in Sanzhouzi area is 49.14, and the lowest is Gangba County (31.28.4). In this paper, with the help of GPS technology of remote sensing image data and GIS, the ecological environment condition of Xigaze is analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, and the parameters of each monitoring index are easy to obtain. The research method has been applied in the past, which is feasible and operable, and the final evaluation result can reflect the actual ecological situation more truthfully.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X826

【参考文献】