市级区域生态保护红线划定研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 15:50

本文选题：生态保护红线 + 生态系统服务功能重要性　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态系统为人类生存发展提供必需的资源物质基础,可实现物质与能量的循环平衡,对维护人类社会可持续发展具有重要作用。但是,由于人类长期以来对资源的不合理开采与利用,导致社会经济发展是以生态环境破坏为代价,耕地减少,全球气温上升,生态系统服务功能下降,各类环境问题频发,严重危及人类生存与发展。因此,如何合理划定生态保护红线,构建生态安全格局,有效发挥生态系统服务功能,促进经济与自然和谐发展成为当前亟待解决的问题之一,也成为当前生态科学领域的研究热点之一。目前,我国生态保护红线划定尚处于起步阶段,相关研究十分有限,理论方法仍不够完善,因此,对生态保护红线划定方法进行科学研究具有十分重要的科学价值与现实意义。本研究选取山西省晋城市作为研究载体,基于生态学理论、反规划理论、景观格局理论和可持续理论,以系统工程的思想确立技术路线,构建生态保护重要性评估指标体系与评估单元,运用3S技术、网格技术、空间插值技术和叠加分析法,通过生态保护重要性评估,按重要性等级进行生态保护红线划定,研究得到了生态保护红线划定方法,对其他市级区域生态保护红线划定具有理论指导价值,同时,也可作为研究区域生态保护与管理的依据,具有一定现实意义。主要研究成果如下:(1)区域生态环境特征分析:调查分析研究区域自然环境概况与生态保护现状,定位识别共计14处特殊重要保护区,通过图像校正、波段信息融合、图像增强与裁剪等方法进行遥感解译与数据重分类,评估分析区域土地利用现状与植被覆盖度情况,明确区域存在的主要生态环境问题。(2)生态保护重要性评估:运用层级递进分析的思想,比较指标因子影响程度,分析选取降雨侵蚀力、植被覆盖度等12个生态保护重要性评估指标因子,建立较完整的生态保护重要性评估指标体系;构建水源涵养重要性、水土保持重要性、生物多样性保护重要性、水土流失敏感性4个评估模型,运用空间插值、叠加分析的技术与单因子、多因子相结合的方法进行生态保护重要性评估。评估结果与研究区域实际生态分异规律基本相符,评估结果合理可靠。(3)生态保护红线划定:以生态保护重要性评估结果为基础,按照服务功能重要性级别及生态环境敏感性级别,运用地理信息技术采用空间叠加分析的方法,划定研究区生态保护红线。生态保护红线区总面积3466.20km2,占研究区域总面积36.5%,主要分布在阳城县、泽州县、陵川县及沁水县。划定方法合理可行,可用于其他市级区域生态保护红线的划定。(4)建立三维管控体系:基于分区、分类、分级思想,构建研究区生态保护红线三维管控体系,提出具体管控措施。管控措施具体可行,可为当地管理部门制定管控措施提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:The ecosystem provides the necessary material basis for the survival and development of human beings, which can realize the balance of material and energy, and play an important role in maintaining the sustainable development of human society. However, due to the unreasonable exploitation and utilization of resources for a long time, the social and economic development is at the cost of ecological environment destruction, the decrease of cultivated land, the rise of global temperature, the decline of ecosystem service function, and the frequent occurrence of all kinds of environmental problems. Seriously endanger the survival and development of mankind. Therefore, how to rationally draw the red line of ecological protection, construct ecological security pattern, give full play to the function of ecosystem service, and promote the harmonious development of economy and nature become one of the problems to be solved urgently. It has also become one of the research hotspots in the field of ecological science. At present, the red line delineation of ecological protection in our country is still in the initial stage, the related research is very limited, the theory method is still not perfect, therefore, it has very important scientific value and practical significance to carry on the scientific research to the ecological protection red line delineation method. Based on ecological theory, anti-planning theory, landscape pattern theory and sustainable theory, this study selects Jincheng city of Shanxi Province as the research carrier, and establishes the technical route with the thought of system engineering. The evaluation index system and evaluation unit of ecological protection importance are constructed. By using 3s technology, grid technology, spatial interpolation technology and superposition analysis method, ecological conservation importance assessment is carried out according to the importance level of ecological protection red line delineation. The method of red line delineation of ecological protection has been obtained, which has theoretical guiding value for other cities and regions, and can also be used as the basis for the study of regional ecological protection and management, which is of certain practical significance. The main research results are as follows: (1) Analysis of the characteristics of regional ecological environment: investigation and analysis of the regional natural environment and ecological protection status, location and identification of a total of 14 special important protected areas, through image correction, band information fusion, The methods of image enhancement and clipping are used for remote sensing interpretation and data re-classification, and the present situation of regional land use and vegetation coverage are evaluated and analyzed. (2) importance assessment of ecological protection: using the idea of hierarchical progressive analysis, comparing the influence degree of index factors, analyzing the selection of rainfall erosivity, The importance of water conservation, soil and water conservation, biodiversity conservation, water conservation, and biodiversity conservation were established. Four assessment models of soil and water loss sensitivity were used to evaluate the importance of ecological protection by using spatial interpolation, superposition analysis and the combination of single factor and multiple factors. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the actual ecological differentiation law of the study area, and the evaluation results are reasonable and reliable. 3) the red line of ecological protection is delineated: based on the results of the assessment of the importance of ecological protection, According to the importance level of service function and the sensitivity of ecological environment, the red line of ecological protection in the study area was determined by the method of spatial superposition analysis using geographic information technology. The total area of ecological protection red line is 3466.20km2, which accounts for 36.5. it is mainly distributed in Yangcheng County, Zezhou County, Lingchuan County and Qinshui County. The method is reasonable and feasible. It can be used in the delineation of the red line of ecological protection in other cities. (4) establish the three-dimensional management and control system: based on the idea of division, classification and classification, construct the three-dimensional management and control system of ecological protection red line in the study area, and put forward the concrete control measures. Control measures are practical and can provide some reference for local management to establish control measures.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X321

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