城市居住区儿童户外活动空间的景观营造

发布时间：2018-05-18 01:24

本文选题：居住区 + 儿童　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：儿童是居住区户外活动空间景观最主要的使用者,却常常是最易被忽略的群体。很多户外活动设施或空间环境不但没有促进儿童健康发展,反而限制了他们的潜能,甚至造成诸多安全隐患。本文以儿童的心理及行为特征为基本出发点,通过分析国内外儿童活动空间研究现状和发展趋势,对多处居住区进行实地考察,发现现今居住区儿童活动空间存在场地规划不合理,功能结构单一;游戏设施简单化,吸引力严重不足;植物种植无特点、无主题、无趣味;活动安全得不到保障等问题。通过文献研究法、实地观察法、访问调查法、综合分析法等研究方法对儿童户外活动空间景观的相关概念、儿童与活动空间的关系以及儿童心理学、城市规划学、建筑学、风景园林学等多学科关于儿童户外活动的讨论进行详细研究。结合调研得到的一手资料,总结出了一套更为切实有效的研究思路和设计方法:通过对居住区整体环境,包括地形、日照、风向、建筑布局、道路系统等的考量来确定儿童活动场地的选址和规模,从而保证场地可达性和活动舒适性;通过对道路、边界、区域、节点和标志物的设计来营造儿童活动场地的主题氛围,增加儿童活动的领域感和安全感;通过色彩设计、尺度设计来更好的迎合儿童活动的需要,锻炼记忆力、想象力和创造力;通过对传统类活动、运动类活动、创造类活动、冒险类活动以及自然类活动的开拓来丰富儿童活动的内容;通过对儿童游戏器械、沙坑、水体、雕塑以及庇护设施、便民设施的详细设计来提高儿童户外活动的乐趣和安全性;通过对户外活动空间植物的选择、合理配植来提高植物与儿童的互动性,营造场地主题,提升场地的特点和趣味性;通过对居住区出入口、车行道与步行道、停车场、地面铺装、建筑外围、成人活动场地、水景系统、户外用电设施的安全性建议来保障居住区整体的安全性,避免儿童在专用的活动场地以外发生危险。最终,本文以长春市某居住小区为例,将理论付诸实践,对设计方法的可行性进行进一步探索。
[Abstract]:Children are the most important users of outdoor landscape in residential areas, but they are often the most neglected groups. Many outdoor facilities or space environment not only do not promote the healthy development of children, but also limit their potential, and even cause a lot of safety risks. Based on the psychological and behavioral characteristics of children, this paper analyzes the present situation and development trend of children's activity space at home and abroad, and makes a field study of many residential areas. It is found that there are some problems in children's activity space in present residential area, such as unreasonable site planning, single functional structure, simple play facilities, serious lack of attraction, no characteristic of plant planting, no theme, no interest, no guarantee of activity safety, etc. Through the methods of literature research, field observation, interview investigation, comprehensive analysis and so on, the related concepts of children's outdoor activity space landscape, the relationship between children and activity space, and children's psychology, urban planning, architecture, etc. The discussion on children's outdoor activities in landscape architecture and other subjects is studied in detail. Combined with the first-hand data obtained from the investigation, a set of more practical and effective research ideas and design methods are summarized: through the overall environment of residential areas, including topography, sunshine, wind direction, architectural layout, To determine the location and size of children's venues, such as road systems, to ensure accessibility and activity comfort; to create a thematic atmosphere for children's venues by designing roads, borders, regions, nodes and markers, To increase the sense of domain and security of children's activities; to better cater to the needs of children's activities through color design and scale design, to exercise memory, imagination and creativity; to create activities through traditional activities, sports activities, and creative activities, The exploitation of adventure and nature activities enriches the content of children's activities, improves the fun and safety of children's outdoor activities through the detailed design of children's play equipment, sandpit, water body, sculpture and shelter facilities, convenience facilities, etc. Through the choice of outdoor activity space plants, the reasonable combination of plants to improve the interaction between plants and children, to create a site theme, to enhance the characteristics and interest of the site, through the residential entrance, roadway and walking road, parking lot, Safety suggestions for ground surfacing, building periphery, adult activity area, waterscape system, outdoor electrical facilities to ensure the overall safety of residential areas and to avoid danger to children outside the dedicated activity area. Finally, taking a residential district in Changchun as an example, the theory is put into practice and the feasibility of the design method is further explored.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.12

【共引文献】