卡尔松的人文环境审美研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 09:17

本文选题：卡尔松 + 人文环境　；参考：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：艾伦·卡尔松(Allen Carlson)是当今国际上著名的环境美学理论家,也是当代西方环境美学的创始者、主要代表人物之一。在西方哲学体系内,环境美学是分析美学的一个分支,它起源于20世纪末,在此之前的美学研究主要对象是在艺术哲学范畴,所以从某种角度来看,环境美学研究的兴起打破了审美局限在艺术领域的枷锁,审美研究领域由此而扩展丰富开来,逐步延伸到了整个环境领域——不仅存在于自然环境,也包括各种受人类影响或由人类所建构的环境即人文环境。卡尔松认为,环境美学的主题是对于原始环境和人造环境的审美鉴赏,环境美学的研究范围也从自然到人文不断扩大。研究环境美学的热潮主要起源于人类对自身所处自然环境变化的反思,简而言之是一种现象产生所带动人类的哲学思索,现有关于环境美学兴起的研究大多会提及是人类对于环境破坏造成的后果而引发的大范围思考：人类的活动对自然环境的影响,但若对此过分强调,那么环境美学的研究将容易把注意力聚焦在自然环境中,进而忽略了环境美学中的人文环境,事实上对于环境美学的研究不能局限于人类与环境之间的矛盾,而人文环境的研究价值体现在将审美领域扩展到了人类日常生活之中,卡尔松对于人文环境审美的研究包含在他的环境美学之中,从大范围来讲主要从建筑审美、农业景观、日本园林和环境艺术这四个方面解读关于卡尔松人文环境审美思想的内容和范畴。文章包括了前言、正文和结语三大部分构成。在前言里分析了关于卡尔松人文环境审美的研究现状,指出现有研究取得的成果以及薄弱之处,提出本文的论点和创新点。正文有四个板块首先介绍了卡尔松关于建筑审美的观念,对于建筑欣赏的生态学方法,关于建筑的审美特性包括存在、处所和功能,从审美体验角度来欣赏建筑,涉及了自身和背景、旅行者和风景这两方面,这些观念都扩展了建筑审美的维度。其次是对于艺术有不同的欣赏模式,而环境艺术的审美特性主要体现在将所处的自然环境作为艺术自身不可缺少的部分,这也引发了卡尔松关于环境艺术对自然审美冒犯的讨论。再次,日本园林的介入是作为恰当处理艺术与自然之间关系的积极范例而呈现的,对此卡尔松提出日本园林中艺术和自然的关系、必然性外观和批判性判断等观点。最后是对于农业景观的变化,如何恰当欣赏?从传统欣赏模式——如画性欣赏模式中走出来,既要欣赏农业景观的形式美还要欣赏表现美。结语部分总结卡尔松人文环境审美系列观点和理论,探讨对当今环境审美的影响和价值。
[Abstract]:Allen Karlsson Allen Carlson is a famous theorist of environmental aesthetics in the world, and also a founder of contemporary western environmental aesthetics, one of the main representatives. In the western philosophical system, environmental aesthetics is a branch of analytical aesthetics, which originated at the end of the 20th century. Before that, the main object of aesthetic research was in the category of art philosophy, so from a certain angle, The rise of the study of environmental aesthetics breaks the shackles of aesthetic limitation in the field of art, which expands and enriches the field of aesthetic research, and extends gradually to the whole field of environment-not only in the natural environment, but also in the natural environment. It also includes all kinds of environments which are influenced by human beings or constructed by human beings. According to Karlsson, the theme of environmental aesthetics is aesthetic appreciation of primitive environment and artificial environment, and the research scope of environmental aesthetics is expanding from nature to humanities. The upsurge in the study of environmental aesthetics originates from the reflection of human beings on the changes of their natural environment. In short, it is a kind of philosophical thinking driven by the emergence of a phenomenon. Most of the existing studies on the rise of environmental aesthetics refer to the extensive thinking caused by human beings on the consequences of environmental damage: the impact of human activities on the natural environment, but with too much emphasis on this, Then the study of environmental aesthetics will easily focus on the natural environment, thus neglecting the humanistic environment in environmental aesthetics. In fact, the study of environmental aesthetics cannot be confined to the contradiction between human beings and the environment. The research value of humanistic environment is embodied in the extension of aesthetic field to human daily life. Karlsson's research on humanistic environment aesthetics is included in his environmental aesthetics. In a large scale, it mainly includes architectural aesthetics, agricultural landscape, and so on. The four aspects of Japanese landscape architecture and environmental art explain the content and category of Karlsson's humanistic environment aesthetic thought. The article includes the preface, the body and the conclusion. In the preface, this paper analyzes the current situation of the research on the aesthetic of Karlsson humanistic environment, points out the achievements and weaknesses of the existing research, and puts forward the arguments and innovations of this paper. There are four sections in the text, which first introduce Karlsson's concept of architectural aesthetics, ecological methods of architectural appreciation, aesthetic characteristics of architecture including existence, place and function, appreciation of architecture from the perspective of aesthetic experience. These concepts extend the aesthetic dimension of architecture, involving themselves and background, travelers and scenery. Secondly, there are different modes of appreciation for art, and the aesthetic characteristics of environmental art are mainly embodied in the natural environment as an indispensable part of art itself. This also led to Karlsson's discussion of environmental art as an affront to natural aesthetics. Thirdly, the intervention of Japanese gardens is presented as a positive example of properly dealing with the relationship between art and nature. To this point of view, Karlsson puts forward the views on the relationship between art and nature in Japanese gardens, the inevitable appearance and critical judgment. Finally, how to appreciate the change of agricultural landscape? From the traditional appreciation mode, such as picturesque appreciation, we should not only appreciate the formal beauty of agricultural landscape, but also appreciate the beauty of expression. The conclusion part summarizes the views and theories of Karlsson's humanistic environment aesthetic, and discusses the influence and value of Karlsson's humanistic environment aesthetic.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU-80

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