黄家湖水环境质量评价及趋势分析

发布时间：2018-05-24 06:16

本文选题：水质指数 + GIS　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市湖泊作为重要的城市水体形态和资源,对建设城市景观、改善生态环境、调蓄治水等有重要的作用。由于湖泊资源的过度利用,湖泊功能受到严重影响,需对城市湖泊水质及其发展趋势进行科学评价和分析,为其有效管理和可持续利用提供依据。武汉市黄家湖位于城市发展区,定位为城市公园型湖泊,本文以黄家湖为研究对象,开展了以下研究:(1)对黄家湖流域水质状况进行调查,并对2013年8月至2014年6月的湖内的TN、TP、CODCr、CODMn、DO、NH3-N、pH进行监测。(2)采用单因子评价法、基于GIS的CCME-WQI水质指数评价方法对黄家湖的水质进行现状评价。结果表明黄家湖水质类别为劣Ⅴ类水,不能达到水质功能的要求;水质指标和水质指数地图反映出黄家湖水质分布不均匀,CCME-WQI水质指数反映出黄家湖水质基本都处在及格‖和差‖这两种较差的水质类别里。(3)根据2013年8月至2014年6月的水质监测结果,采用物元分析与层次聚类分析相结合的方法对黄家湖水质监测点进行了优化布置。最终对黄家湖此次监测计划36个点进行优化布置,选出了2、8、12、13、14、17、21、29、31、32、34、35点作为黄家湖水质监测的代表点。(4)采用肯德尔趋势检验分析法对黄家湖2009~2014年的水质监测数据进行趋势统计分析。结果表明:TN、TP、NH3-N的浓度分别以每年0.19 mg/L、0.03 mg/L、0.12 mg/L的速率在上升。其中NH3-N浓度呈现显著(α=0.0032)上升趋势说明水质有比较严重的恶化趋势,CODCr、CODMn、DO的浓度无明显趋势。而CCME-WQI水质指数以每年3.37个单位的速度下降,表明黄家湖整体的水质在恶化。(5)通过分析黄家湖各个圈层的功能、特性,提出了采取控制渔业、建设雨污水管网、建设小型废水处理站、修复湖滨带和控制农业面源的措施来实现黄家湖的水体保护。
[Abstract]:As an important urban water form and resource, urban lakes play an important role in constructing urban landscape, improving ecological environment, regulating and controlling water. Due to the excessive utilization of lake resources, the lake function is seriously affected. It is necessary to scientifically evaluate and analyze the water quality and its development trend of urban lakes, so as to provide the basis for its effective management and sustainable utilization. Huangjia Lake in Wuhan City is located in the urban development area and is located as a city park lake. In this paper, the Huangjia Lake is taken as the research object, and the following research is carried out to investigate the water quality of the Huangjia Lake basin. From August 2013 to June 2014, the pH value of GIS CCME-WQI was used to evaluate the current situation of the water quality of Huangjia Lake. The results show that the water quality of Huangjiahu Lake is inferior class V water, which can not meet the requirement of water quality function. The map of water quality index and water quality index show that the water quality distribution of Huangjia Lake is not uniform. CCME-WQI water quality index shows that the water quality of Huangjia Lake is basically in the two poor water quality categories, I. E. water quality index and water quality index.) according to August 2013, the water quality of Huangjia Lake is basically in the two poor water quality categories. Water quality monitoring results as of June 2014, The method of matter element analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis was used to optimize the water quality monitoring points of Huangjiahu Lake. Finally, 36 points of the monitoring plan of Huangjia Lake were optimized and 35 points were selected as the representative point of water quality monitoring in Huangjia Lake. The Kendall trend Test method was used to analyze the trend of water quality monitoring data of Huangjia Lake from 2009 to 2014. The results show that the concentration of NH _ 3-N in TPN increases at the rate of 0.19 mg / L 0.03 mg / L 0.12 mg/L per year, respectively. The increasing trend of the concentration of NH3-N (伪 -0.0032) indicates that there is a serious deterioration trend in the water quality. There is no obvious trend in the concentration of CODCr-CODMnDO. However, the CCME-WQI water quality index decreases at the rate of 3.37 units per year, indicating that the overall water quality of Huangjia Lake is deteriorating. Small wastewater treatment stations, restoration of lakeshore zone and control of agricultural non-point source can be used to protect the water body of Huangjia Lake.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X824

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