高层办公建筑空中庭院设计初探

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:23

本文选题：空中庭院 + 高层办公建筑　；参考：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：高层办公建筑或建筑群的出现,在一定程度上解决了城市人多地少、地价高昂等问题,缓解了水平交通的压力。然而,在过去的发展中,由于技术、成本等原因导致其内部功能单一乏味,高层办公建筑也被人们称为人类向空中发展的沙漠。其追求高效、干练的建筑风格和空间布局使传统的绿化景观与公共空间快速消失。城市办公区域由于缺少人们所需求的场所感、归属感和认同感,难以让长期处于高负荷脑力劳动及快节奏工作环境下的工作人员舒缓内心的压力。世界卫生组织的研究表明,病态建筑综合症(SBS)已经成为现代高层办公建筑中人们最容易引发的病症,其症状表现为头痛、乏力、全身不适等亚健康状态。这都极大的影响了高层办公人员的办公效率。庭院空间是传统建筑空间设计的精华,它是解决建筑采光通风问题的有效途径,也是人们休憩交往的场所。它为人们提供了更加丰富的空间体验,也为城市创造出了一道亮丽的风景线。近年来,随着生态可持续设计理念的发展,庭院空间的生态价值被也设计师们不断发掘。把庭院空间融入到现代高层办公建筑中,创造出具有空中庭院的新型办公空间模式已渐渐得到设计师们的认可并付之于实践。本文以高层办公建筑的发展沿革为历史背景,梳理并总结出由于身心健康、交往及生态节能等多方面的需求,空中庭院已经成为了调适高层办公建筑空间环境的必由之路。在对相关理论与问题进行探讨之后,文章将效益问题作为权衡空中庭院设计优劣的标准,并以“有机统一”、“以人为本”、“与环境和谐共生”为设计的指导思想,从空中庭院的空间形态、环境景观、绿色技术三个层面提出了相应的设计原则。在空间形态层面上,文章以有机统一为设计原则,从空中庭院的生成、使用需求的适应性以及建筑造型的统筹设计三个方面制定了相应的设计策略;在环境景观层面上,文章以利于休憩交往为设计原则,从总体空间布局到逗留场所及景观的设计对空中庭院环境景观的营造策略进行了探讨,并论述了相应的技术措施;在绿色技术层面上,文章以生态适宜为设计原则,重点阐述了空中庭院的被动式设计及与之相应的设计策略,并探讨了利用空中庭院的空间形态与绿化配置来弥补生态多样性的策略。最后,文章以笔者参与的工程实践——南充市创新创业孵化中心概念方案设计为例,作为上述理论和策略的印证,并进行了总结与展望。
[Abstract]:The appearance of high-rise office buildings or buildings to a certain extent solves the problems of large number of people and small land price and high land price in cities and alleviates the pressure of horizontal traffic. However, in the past, due to technology, cost and other reasons, the internal functions of the single boring, high-rise office buildings are also known as the development of human desert to the air. Its pursuit of efficient, capable architectural style and spatial layout makes the traditional green landscape and public space disappear rapidly. Due to the lack of the sense of place, belonging and identity that people need, it is difficult to relieve the pressure of the staff who are in the high-load mental work and fast-paced working environment for a long time. The World Health Organization (WHO) research shows that the sick building syndrome (SBS) has become the most common disease in modern high-rise office buildings, with symptoms of headache, fatigue, general discomfort and other sub-health conditions. This has greatly affected the efficiency of high-level office staff. Courtyard space is the essence of traditional architectural space design, it is an effective way to solve the problem of building lighting and ventilation, it is also a place for people to relax. It provides people with a richer space experience, but also for the city to create a beautiful landscape. In recent years, with the development of the concept of ecological sustainable design, the ecological value of courtyard space has been constantly explored by designers. Integrating courtyard space into modern high-rise office buildings, creating a new office space model with air courtyard has been gradually recognized by designers and put into practice. Based on the historical background of the development of high-rise office buildings, this paper summarizes the needs of physical and mental health, communication and ecological energy saving, etc., the aerial courtyard has become the only way to adjust the space environment of high-rise office buildings. After discussing the relevant theories and problems, the paper takes the benefit problem as the criterion of weighing the merits and demerits of the aerial courtyard design, and takes "organic unity", "people-oriented", "harmonious symbiosis with the environment" as the guiding ideology of the design. The corresponding design principles are put forward from three aspects of the space form, environment landscape and green technology of the aerial courtyard. At the level of space form, the article takes organic unity as the design principle, and formulates the corresponding design strategy from three aspects: the formation of the aerial courtyard, the adaptability of the use demand and the overall design of the architectural modeling; Based on the design principle of favorable recreation communication, this paper discusses the construction strategy of the aerial courtyard environment landscape from the overall space layout to the place of stay and landscape design, and discusses the corresponding technical measures, on the level of green technology, Based on the principle of ecological suitability, this paper focuses on the passive design of aerial courtyard and the corresponding design strategy, and probes into the strategy of making use of the space form and greening configuration of the aerial courtyard to make up for the ecological diversity. Finally, taking the project practice of Nanchong City as an example, the paper confirms the above theory and strategy, and makes a summary and prospect.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU243;TU972

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