唐华清宫景区气候适宜性空间格局初探

发布时间：2018-06-05 05:35

本文选题：华清池 + 风景园林规划设计　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：华清宫作为古代帝王皇家夏日游憩避暑,冬日御寒疗养的专属离宫,已有6000多年的园林历史。骊山、温泉、适宜的局地小气候等客观自然条件孕育了人类的生存和发展,成就了华清宫的恢弘与壮丽,尤其在唐玄宗年间,形成“苑——宫—城”的庞大空间格局,成为继国都长安城的附属都城。随着现代旅游业的发展,华清池以其深厚的历史积淀和绝佳风光成为家喻户晓的旅游景区。为了迎合大众的游赏观光需求,这些年来华清池一直致力于景区环境品质的提升。在前人的研究中,已经有大量关于如何应用园林设计理论提升景区环境质量的探讨,其关注的焦点主要集中在美学和意境两方面,却忽略了游人对景区环境舒适度的基本需求。气候舒适度是影响旅游活动的重要因素,我们无法改变景区的大气候状况,但是可以通过园林要素的合理利用改善景区的微气候环境,这不仅是对游客的切实关怀,也是景区可持续发展的必由之路。针对上述条件,本文从气候角度作为切入点,以华清池景区气候适宜性为研究对象,分别以“适宜生存”的局地小气候、“适宜游览”的微气候两个空间层次综合研究华清池旅游景区气候适宜性形成的肌理。分别运用理论研究、实验研究、定量定性研究的方法对当前园林空间中的小气候环境进行了探讨分析。具体内容如下:首先,梳理了气候适宜性的相关概念及内容,分别对“适生”的局地气候适宜性环境到“适游”的小气候适宜性环境两个尺度的相关内容进行了详细的阐述。通过分析小气候的各个要素与人体舒适度和园林构成要素之间的作用机制,为本文研究的铺垫理论基础的同时,也为后续实验方案设计及实验结果分析提供理论依据。其次,从气候的角度对华清池景区空间格局及形成因素进行分析,猜测“三台九阶”的人工地形整理除了法相天地和等级思想影响外,还为了更大限度的争取日照时间,调整骊山之阴带来的日照不足的问题。唐华清宫“苑”—“宫”的布局形式体现夏季避暑和冬季温泉取暖的不同气候适宜性功能。最后,回到现代园林景观设计的尺度,研究华清池景区园林空间具有的微气候特征。经过实地测试、现场问卷调查,行为注记等相关实验,剖析影响景区微气候条件内在原因,并结合游人的人体舒适感受分析景区的气候适宜性,从微观层面提出改善景区环境的可能性。在论文的结尾部分,总结提炼针对华清池景区园林气候设计的要点,为当代旅游景区规划设计提供一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:As an ancient imperial summer recreation and summer, Hua-Qing Palace has a garden history of more than 6000 years. The objective natural conditions such as Lishan, hot spring, and suitable local microclimate gave birth to the survival and development of mankind, and achieved the magnificent and magnificent Hua Qing Palace, especially in the Tang Xuanzong period, which formed a huge spatial pattern of "Yuan-Palace-City". To become the capital of Changan. With the development of modern tourism, Huaqingchi has become a well-known tourist spot with its deep historical accumulation and excellent scenery. In order to meet the needs of the public, Huaqingchi has been dedicated to improving the environmental quality of the scenic area in recent years. In the previous studies, there has been a lot of discussion on how to apply the theory of landscape design to improve the environmental quality of scenic spots. The focus of attention is mainly on aesthetics and artistic conception, but it ignores the basic needs of tourists for the environmental comfort of scenic spots. Climate comfort is an important factor affecting tourism activities. We can't change the climate situation of scenic spots, but we can improve the microclimate environment of scenic spots through the rational use of garden elements, which is not only a practical concern for tourists, It is also the only way to sustainable development of scenic spots. In view of the above conditions, this paper takes the climate suitability of Huaqingchi scenic spot as the research object and takes the local microclimate of "suitable survival" as the starting point from the point of view of climate. A comprehensive study on the texture of climate suitability of Huaqingchi tourist scenic spot at two spatial levels of microclimate suitable for sightseeing. The present microclimate environment in garden space is discussed and analyzed by the methods of theoretical research, experimental study and quantitative and qualitative analysis. The specific contents are as follows: firstly, the related concepts and contents of climate suitability are combed, and the relevant contents of local climate suitability environment and microclimate suitability environment of "suitable living" are elaborated in detail. By analyzing the mechanism of action between microclimate elements, human comfort and garden elements, this paper provides a theoretical basis for the theoretical basis of this study, and also for the design of subsequent experimental scheme and the analysis of experimental results. Secondly, from the perspective of climate, the spatial pattern and forming factors of Hua-Qingchi Scenic spot are analyzed, and it is speculated that the artificial terrain arrangement of "three sets and nine orders", besides the influence of the law, the world, and the level of thinking, is also in order to win the sunshine time to a greater extent. Adjust the problem of insufficient sunshine caused by the shade of Lishan Mountain. The layout form of "Yuan"-"Gong" of the Tang Hua Qing Palace embodies the different climatic and sexual functions of summer and hot spring heating in winter. Finally, back to the scale of modern landscape design, study the characteristics of microclimate in the landscape space of Huaqingchi Scenic spot. Through field tests, field surveys, behavioral notes and other related experiments, this paper analyzes the internal reasons that affect the microclimate conditions of the scenic spots, and analyzes the climate suitability of the scenic spots by combining the human comfort feelings of the tourists. The possibility of improving the scenic spot environment is put forward from the micro level. At the end of the paper, the main points of landscape climate design of Hua-Qingchi Scenic spot are summarized, which provide some references for the planning and design of contemporary tourist attractions.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU119;TU984.18

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