北京野鸭湖不同人为干扰区生态质量遥感分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 12:09

本文选题：野鸭湖 + 生态质量评价　；参考：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：野鸭湖市级自然保护区是北京市最典型的湿地生态系统。本文采用遥感技术,结合野外植被调查数据,对野鸭湖全区和功能分区的不同人为干扰区生态质量进行综合评价分析,以期对其保护管理对策提出指导性建议。利用层次分析法(AHP)构建指标体系,并借助野外调查数据确定的Shannon多样性(SHDI)、脆弱度(LFI)、分维数(PAFRAC)、景观蔓延度(CONTAG)和景观凝聚度(COHESION)五个评价指标,建立综合评价模型。在1995、2006和2014年三期遥感影像中,将各指标数据同特尔菲法确定的权重进行合成计算。最终得到综合评价图和评价等级图。通过对比分析实验结果发现：1、野鸭湖水域面积大量减少,道路面积随保护区建立也逐渐减少。2、生态质量随时空变化逐渐变好,野鸭湖的保护管理工作做的比较到位。3、由功能分区推断野鸭湖含有自然区域的低、中、强干扰区的生态平衡渐近状态分别在0.52、0.54和0.58；人为干预区域为0.62。由整体保护区直接得到低、强干扰区的生态平衡渐近状态分别为0.58和0.62。野鸭湖大部分地区已达到人为干扰最大值,今后可适宜维持或减少人为干扰,以恢复野鸭湖的自调节机制。4、在景观多样性中,中度干扰假说理论仅适用于自然状态的区域。今后还要继续完善气温、降水、土壤理化性质及连续的其他年份数据等资料,做进一步的全面研究、完善佐证。
[Abstract]:The wild duck lake municipal nature reserve is the most typical wetland ecosystem in Beijing. In this paper, using remote sensing technology and field vegetation survey data, the ecological quality of different man-made disturbance areas in the whole area and functional zones of the wild duck lake is comprehensively evaluated and analyzed, with a view to putting forward some guiding suggestions for its conservation and management countermeasures. The index system was constructed by using Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and five evaluation indexes, namely Shannon diversity SHDI, LFI, fractal dimension PAFRACU, landscape contagion and landscape cohesion, were determined by field survey data, and a comprehensive evaluation model was established. In the three remote sensing images of 1995 / 2006 and 2014, the index data were combined with the weight determined by the Delphi method. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation map and the evaluation grade chart are obtained. By comparing and analyzing the experimental results, it is found that the water area of the wild duck lake decreases greatly, the road area decreases gradually with the establishment of the reserve, and the ecological quality becomes better with the change of the ecological quality at any time. The ecological balance of wild duck lake was 0.52 0.54 and 0.58 respectively, and that of artificial intervention was 0.62.The ecological balance asymptotic state of wild duck lake was 0.54 and 0.58, respectively. The asymptotic state of ecological equilibrium in the area of strong disturbance is 0.58 and 0.62respectively. Most areas of wild duck lake have reached the maximum value of artificial disturbance, which can be maintained or reduced in the future to restore the self-regulation mechanism of wild duck lake. In landscape diversity, the theory of moderate disturbance hypothesis is only applicable to areas in natural state. In the future, the data of temperature, precipitation, soil physical and chemical properties and continuous data of other years should be improved, and further comprehensive research should be done to perfect the evidence.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X87;X826

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