基于感官评价的新型路面设计与应用

发布时间：2018-06-26 02:49

本文选题：新型路面 + 观感　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来新型路面材料和结构不断涌现,包括彩色沥青、橡胶沥青、热反射涂层、大粒径透水结构等。新型路面由于技术上的优势,应用越来越广泛。与传统的路面形式相比,新型路面不仅满足路用性能的要求,而且具有良好的生态功能。比如彩色路面的景观效果显著,影响人的观感;橡胶沥青路面的降低交通噪声的作用,影响人的听感;热反射涂层和大粒径透水结构可以缓解城市热岛效应,改善人的体感温度。从这个层面来说,这几类新型路面与人的感官感受紧密相连。目前对新型路面的路用性能的研究已经很多,因此本文主要基于感官认识的角度,探讨这几类新型路面的生态功能设计和应用,并进行感官评价研究。首先进行基于观感的路面色彩设计与应用,根据色彩心理学原理和色彩搭配理论,结合彩色路面的作用,使用CAD进行平面图描线、导入3D MAX建模型、并使用Photoshop软件作后期的图像处理,进行基于观感的道路模拟和路面色彩设计,并通过室内试验研究不同色彩的反射降温作用和浅色胶结料的着色性能及低温性能。在此基础上,进行路面观感质量评价,提出观感质量评价指标和量化评价方法。其次进行基于听感的降噪路面设计与应用,根据不同类型降噪路面的作用机理和调查结果,分析橡胶低噪声路面的优越性,并对与降噪效果相关的胶粉规格和掺量等影响因素进行研究;将室内研究成果应用于试验路,进行试验路降噪效果测试。然后进行基于体感的热反射路面设计与应用,根据热反射路面的适用原则和施工工艺,进行室外热反射涂层降温试验,定量描述热反射涂层的降温效果,并分析其社会经济效益。最后进行基于体感的透水路面设计与应用,根据透水性路面的调节空气温湿机理,进行大空隙材料的渗水试验和渗透试验,并分别跟空隙率做相关性分析。根据减少路表径流和保证透水透气性,得到目标空隙率和结构厚度的计算公式。新型路面的生态功能与人的感官感受紧密相连,为了提供更好的人居环境,最大程度地满足人类生活舒适性,有必要在研究新型路面的设计与应用的基础上,对其进行感官评价研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, new pavement materials and structures have been emerging, including colored asphalt, rubber asphalt, thermal reflection coating, large particle size water permeable structure and so on. The new road surface is more and more widely used because of its technical advantages. Compared with the traditional pavement, the new pavement not only meets the requirements of road performance, but also has good ecological function. For example, the landscape effect of color pavement is remarkable, which affects human perception; the role of rubber asphalt pavement in reducing traffic noise and affecting people's sense of hearing; the heat reflection coating and large diameter water permeable structure can alleviate the urban heat island effect. Improve human body temperature. From this level, these new types of road surface and people's sensory feelings are closely linked. At present, there are many researches on the road performance of the new pavement, so this paper mainly discusses the ecological function design and application of these new types of pavement based on the sensory cognition, and carries on the sensory evaluation research. Firstly, based on the theory of color psychology and color collocation, the road surface color design and application based on perception are carried out. According to the function of color road surface and the function of color pavement, the plane drawing line is carried out by CAD, and the 3D Max model is built. Photoshop software is used for image processing in the later stage to simulate the road and design the road color based on perception. The reflection and cooling effect of different colors and the coloring and low temperature properties of light-colored binder are studied through laboratory experiments. On the basis of this, the evaluation index and quantitative evaluation method of road surface perception quality are put forward. Secondly, the design and application of noise-reducing pavement based on audition are carried out. According to the action mechanism and investigation results of different types of road surface, the superiority of rubber low-noise pavement is analyzed. The influence factors such as rubber powder specification and dosage are studied, and the results of indoor research are applied to the test road to test the noise reduction effect of the test road. Then, the design and application of thermal reflection pavement based on body sensation are carried out. According to the applicable principle and construction technology of heat reflection pavement, the cooling test of outdoor thermal reflection coating is carried out, and the cooling effect of heat reflection coating is described quantitatively. And analyze its social and economic benefits. Finally, the design and application of permeable pavement based on body sense are carried out. According to the mechanism of regulating air temperature and humidity of permeable pavement, the permeation test and permeation test of large void material are carried out, respectively, and the correlation analysis is made with the porosity. Based on the reduction of surface runoff and the guarantee of water permeability, the formulas for calculating the void ratio and structural thickness of the target are obtained. The ecological function of the new road surface is closely connected with the sensory feeling of the human being. In order to provide a better human settlement environment and to meet the maximum comfort of human life, it is necessary to study the design and application of the new road surface. Sensory evaluation was carried out.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U416.2

【引证文献】