生态自然观在成都市青羊宫园林景观中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 12:24

本文选题：生态自然观 + 青羊宫　；参考：《四川农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类文明的发展进步,实际上就是人与人、人与自然关系不断调整、相互作用的结果。在历经工业文明带来的喜悦和阵痛后,面对日益严重的环境危机,人们的生态意识逐渐被唤醒。中华文明源远流长,光辉灿烂,蕴含丰富的生态思想和生存哲学。道教作为我国本土宗教,始终重视探究人与天的相互关系,其“天人合一”思想深刻地影响了中国传统文化和社会各阶层的意识形态。道观是道教思想的精神延续,园林又是道观中不可缺少的环境因素,无论是作为宗教场所,还是游赏之地,或是自然境域,道观园林都深深留下了道教生态思想的烙印。青羊宫作为西蜀寺观园林的代表,以其特有的生态智慧和与城市演变的密切联系,在中国园林史上独树一帜。它不仅是道教传统文化和造园艺术相结合的产物,而且也是人与自然和谐共存的杰出典范。本文希望通过对青羊宫宫观环境的研究,提炼道观道观园林的自然生态思想,挖掘道观在城市发展进程中蕴藏的城市印记,探究城市型道观对于人居环境构建的生态启示,为解决现代城市化进程与人类生存压力之间的种种矛盾提供一定的参考和借鉴。本研究选取从生态自然观角度作为切入点,结合成都城市历史变迁,对影响青羊宫道观园林生态取向的各要素进行了以下研究：首先从朴素自然观和道教教义着手分析,总结得出道教生态自然观的基本特征是：道法自然,造物均等；天地父母,重道贵生；知止知常,知止不殆；自然无为,为而不恃。从第三章开始主要探讨城市历史变迁对青羊宫演变影响,主要集中在两个方面：一是道观类型的转变；二是道观功能的改变。此外,研究还表明青羊宫从山野型道观转变成城市型道观历经了诞生期、奠基期、转折期、定型期四个发展阶段。通过梳理青羊宫演变脉络,我们归纳出政治因素、经济因素以及宗教因素是青羊宫成为城市道观园林的三大原因。第五章开始对青羊宫园林景观进行分析,主要从园林的选址、建筑、植物、山水、小品以及寺观经营等方面探究生态自然思想的应用。最后归纳总结出青羊宫生态自然观的基本特征为：崇尚自然,趋利避害的环境观；天人合一,就近取材的建筑观；以人为本,生态养生的园林观；物欲贵俭,物尽其用的资源观；自然情趣,陶冶情操的山水观；自然无为,可持续发展的实践观。最后,通过对道教生态伦理思想的现代价值进行探讨,总结得出其具体表现在维持生态整体性、保护生物多样性以及主张消费适度三方面。同时,还对城市道观园林中的生态智慧对于当代人居环境构建的借鉴与启示进行了展望和思考。
[Abstract]:The development and progress of human civilization is actually the result of the constant adjustment and interaction between human and human beings and the relationship between human and nature. After the joy and pain of industrial civilization, the ecological consciousness of people is gradually awakened in the face of the increasingly serious environmental crisis. The source of Chinese civilization is long and glorious and contains rich ecological thoughts and students. As our native religion, Taoism, as a native religion in our country, has always attached great importance to exploring the relationship between man and heaven. The idea of "harmony between heaven and man" has deeply influenced the ideology of Chinese traditional culture and all social strata. Taoism is the spiritual continuation of Taoist thought, and garden is an environmental factor which can not be lacking in Taoism, whether it is a religious place or a religious place. It is a tourist destination, or a natural environment, and the Taoist garden has deeply left the brand of Taoist ecological thought. As the representative of the West Shu temple garden, Qingyang Temple is unique in the history of Chinese garden, with its unique ecological wisdom and the close connection with the evolution of the city. And it is also an outstanding example of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. This article hopes to extract the natural ecological thought of Taoist View Garden through the study of Qingyang Temple's palace view environment, excavate the city mark that the Taoist view contains in the process of urban development, and explore the ecological enlightenment of the urban Taoist view on the construction of human living environment, in order to solve the process of modern urbanization and This study selects from the angle of ecological nature as a breakthrough point, combining with the historical changes in Chengdu City, the following research is carried out on the factors affecting the ecological orientation of the Qingyang Temple Taoist Garden: first, it begins with the simple nature view and Taoist doctrines, and summarizes the conclusion. The basic characteristics of Taoism ecological nature view are: the nature of Taoism, the equality of creation, the parents of heaven and earth, the emphasis on the precious life, the knowledge and the knowledge, the natural inactivity, the inaction of nature, and no bullies. From the third chapters, the influence of the historical changes of the city on the evolution of the Qingyang Temple is mainly discussed in two aspects: one is the transformation of the Taoist view type; and the two is the Taoist view. In addition, the study also shows that the transformation of Qingyang Temple from the mountain view to the city type view has undergone four stages of development, such as the birth period, the foundation period, the turning period and the setting period. By combing the evolution of the Qingyang Temple, we conclude that the political, economic and religious factors are the three major reasons for Qingyang Temple as a city Daoist garden. The fifth chapter begins with the analysis of Qingyang Temple landscape, mainly from the site selection, architecture, plant, landscape, sketches and monastery management and other aspects of the application of ecological nature thought. Finally, the basic characteristics of Qingyang Temple ecological nature view are summarized as follows: advocating nature, taking advantage of the environment and avoiding harm. The concept of architecture, the concept of "people-oriented" and "ecological health" garden, the concept of "natural resources", "natural interest", "natural beauty", "natural beauty", "natural ignorance" and "sustainable development" concept of practice. Finally, through the discussion of the modern value of Taoist ecological ethics, it is concluded that its specific performance is to maintain the integrity of the ecological environment. There are three aspects of protecting biological diversity and maintaining moderate consumption. At the same time, we also look and think about the reference and Enlightenment of the ecological wisdom in the urban Daoist garden for the construction of the contemporary human living environment.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.2

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