旧工业厂房再生利用项目火灾风险评价与控制研究

发布时间：2018-08-21 07:44

【摘要】：旧工业厂房的再生利用符合经济新常态下创新、绿色、协调的发展理念,再生利用带来的生态效益、经济效益、文化效益、艺术效益促进了旧工业厂房改造再利用的蓬勃发展。为重新塑造城市区域景观,丰富城市建筑特色,提高区域和城市的辨识度提供新的契机。然而,改造再利用过程中过热过快现象也暴露出一些问题,由于旧工业厂房跨度大、空间大的自身特点,改造前后消防规范界定不清等问题,极大地增加了发生火灾的风险。因此,对旧工业厂房再生利用后进行火灾风险评价与控制成为亟待解决的问题。本文在旧工业厂房火灾风险管理出现的问题及规范研究的基础上,有针对性的提出了旧工业厂房再生利用火灾风险评价指标体系,并运用未确知测度理论建立评价模型,进而利用BIM在火灾风险控制中的优势,提出旧工业厂房再生利用项目火灾风险控制新思路。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)汇总调研成果,根据全国20多个城市旧工业厂房再生利用的情况的调研数据,从再生利用项目消防改造存在的如耐火等级判定不准确、防火分区划分不合理、安全疏散距离不符合规范、消防设施配备不满足要求等问题出发,研究旧工业厂房火灾风险评价和控制的内容。(2)建立火灾风险指标评价体系,构建火灾风险评价模型。借鉴已有的对民用建筑、工业建筑的火灾风险评价理论,结合旧工业厂房再生利用自身的特点,从厂房自身状况、火源控制、安全疏散、人员因素、消防管理5个方面建立评价指标体系,利用未确知测度理论对不确定信息在火灾风险评价的优势,构建火灾风险评价模型。(3)将建筑信息模型(BIM)引入旧工业厂房再生利用项目火灾风险控制,通过分析BIM在火灾风险控制中的优势,利用BIM技术建立旧工业厂房再生利用项目火灾风险控制模型,从消防预案制定、火灾模拟、人员安全疏散、消防设施4个子模型的分析,阐明BIM在再生利用项目火灾风险控制中的特点及在实际应用中的可行性。(4)以陕西省老钢厂某厂房为例,验证本文构建的指标体系和评价模型,利用Revit建立厂房模型,进行火灾风险控制可行性的论证,如火灾模拟与人员安全疏散、建筑信息查询、消防设备管理,验证BIM引入旧工业厂房火灾风险控制后的准确性、便捷性。本文通过广泛调研及深入实践,对旧工业厂房再生利用火灾风险评价与控制进行研究,完善了旧工业厂房改造再利用风险管理理论体系,同时对厂房消防管理工作具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:The recycling of the old industrial plant conforms to the new normal economic situation of innovation, green, coordinated development concept, the ecological benefits, economic benefits, cultural benefits and artistic benefits brought by the recycling promote the vigorous development of the old industrial plant transformation and reuse. However, the phenomenon of overheating and overheating in the process of reconstruction and reuse also exposes some problems. Because of the characteristics of large span and large space of the old industrial plant, and the unclear definition of fire protection norms before and after the transformation, the risk of fire occurrence is greatly increased. Therefore, the fire after the reuse of the old industrial plant is carried out. Risk assessment and control have become an urgent problem to be solved. On the basis of the research on the problems and norms of fire risk management in old industrial buildings, this paper puts forward a fire risk evaluation index system for the recycling of old industrial buildings, and establishes an evaluation model with the theory of unascertained measurement, and then uses BIM to control the fire risk. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) According to the investigation data of the recycling of old industrial buildings in more than 20 cities in China, the fire risk control methods of the old industrial buildings are put forward. The contents of fire risk assessment and control of old industrial buildings are studied on the basis of unreasonable division, unsatisfactory safety evacuation distance and insufficient fire protection facilities. (2) The fire risk index evaluation system is established and the fire risk assessment model is constructed. Combining with the characteristics of old industrial plant recycling, this paper establishes an evaluation index system from five aspects: plant condition, fire source control, safe evacuation, personnel factors, fire management, and builds a fire risk evaluation model by using the unascertained measure theory to evaluate the advantages of uncertain information in fire risk. (3) Introducing the building information model (BIM) into the fire risk evaluation model. Through analyzing the advantages of BIM in fire risk control, the fire risk control model of the old industrial plant recycling project is established by using BIM technology. The four sub-models of fire prevention plan making, fire simulation, safety evacuation and fire protection facilities are analyzed to illustrate the BIM in the recycling project. The characteristics of fire risk control and its feasibility in practical application. (4) Taking a factory building of Laogang Steel Works in Shaanxi Province as an example, the index system and evaluation model constructed in this paper are verified, and the factory building model is established by using Revit to demonstrate the feasibility of fire risk control, such as fire simulation and safe evacuation of personnel, building information query, fire equipment management. In this paper, through extensive investigation and in-depth practice, the fire risk assessment and control of the old industrial plant recycling are studied, and the risk management theory system of the old industrial plant renovation and reuse is perfected. At the same time, the fire control work of the old industrial plant has a certain degree of convenience. Guiding significance.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU998.1

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