海南省五指山市生态环境脆弱性研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 13:09
【摘要】：生态环境脆弱性是区域环境变化与可持续发展研究的热点问题之一,生态环境脆弱性的研究早已得到了全球的广泛关注。五指山市位于海南岛中南部,作为海南生态环境保护核心区,在国际旅游岛的发展趋势之下,五指山市大力发展旅游建设,快速增长GDP的同时却忽略了生态环境的保护,开山毁林、乱砍乱伐各种乱象频现,人类的活动强度大大增加,活动范围的不断扩张,使五指山市的生态环境遭受到空前的压力。因此开展五指山市的生态环境脆弱性评价研究,对五指山市的生态环境保护与发展具有重要的指导意义和参考价值,并且有利于五指山市及时对生态环境的变化做出响应。本文研究基于森林景观格局——生态敏感性综合评价模型,构建海南省五指山市生态环境脆弱性评价体系,运用空间主成分分析以及主成分分析对研究区生态环境脆弱性进行综合评价研究。通过分析研究区生态环境脆弱性主要影响因素,运用空间差值得出研究区生态环境脆弱性空间分布图,最终根据综合评价结果,结合SPSS径向基函数神经网络模型对研究区生态环境脆弱性发展趋势进行预测。通过研究分析,得出以下结论：(1)本研究基于森林景观格局——生态敏感性综合评价模型框架,结合五指山市的实际情况,选取3个生态敏感性指标和6个森林景观格局指标,构建五指山市生态环境脆弱性综合评价体系。(2)生态敏感性选取了海拔、坡度和土地利用类型3个影响因子,运用空间主成分分析方法计算生态敏感性指数。影响因子权重由大到小排序为坡度土地利用类型海拔。研究区生态敏感性由大到小的按顺序排列,按年份排序为2011年2003年1998年2007年,按生态敏感性程度面积排序为轻度中度重度极度微度。(3)森林景观格局选取了景观分离度、景观分维数、斑块密度、景观聚合度、景观连接度指数和斑块内聚力指数6个影响因子,结合生态敏感性指数,运用主成分分析方法计算生态环境脆弱性指数。影响因子权重由大到小排序为斑块内聚力指数、景观聚合度景观分离度、生态敏感性、景观连接度指数斑块密度、景观分维数。研究区生态环境脆弱性指数由大到小的按顺序排列,按年份排序为2011年1998年2007年2003年,按森林景观类型排序为竹林灌木林针叶林非林地阔叶林。(4)根据空间差值分析,得出五指山市生态环境脆弱性空间分布,总体来说生态环境脆弱性程度高的区域主要集中在五指山市的东南地区,生态环境脆弱性程度低的区域主要集中在五指山市的西北部地区。(5)采用二元多项式对各单指标进行回归分析,确立单指标预测模型。根据单指标预测模型扩充样本数据,运用径向基函数神经网络进行五指山市生态环境脆弱性预测。通过预测得出五指山市生态环境脆弱性发展趋势为从1998年的0.2972中度脆弱降低至2003年的0.2617微度脆弱再增长至2014年的0.3978极度脆弱最终到2020年维持在0.3983极度脆弱水平。(6)针对五指山市生态环境脆弱性研究结果,提出了加强生态环境保护意识；科学规划现代城镇化建设,打造生态旅游城市；合理的开发、利用和保护自然资源；加强对生态环境保护的管理,控制生态环境的污染这四条生态环境保护和发展对策。
[Abstract]:Eco-environmental vulnerability is one of the hot issues in the study of regional environmental change and sustainable development, and the study of eco-environmental vulnerability has already received worldwide attention. Wuzhishan City is located in the south-central part of Hainan Island. As the core area of eco-environmental protection in Hainan, Wuzhishan City vigorously develops tourism under the development trend of international tourism island. The construction of tourism and the rapid growth of GDP have neglected the protection of ecological environment, opened mountains and deforested forests, and cut down various disorderly phenomena frequently. The intensity of human activities has greatly increased, and the scope of activities has been expanding. As a result, the ecological environment of Wuzhishan City has been under unprecedented pressure. Eco-environmental protection and development of mountain city have important guiding significance and reference value, and it is helpful for Wuzhishan city to respond to the changes of eco-environment in time.Based on the comprehensive evaluation model of forest landscape pattern-ecological sensitivity, this paper constructs the evaluation system of eco-environmental vulnerability of Wuzhishan city in Hainan province and uses space. Principal Component Analysis and Principal Component Analysis are used to evaluate the ecological environment vulnerability of the study area. By analyzing the main influencing factors of the ecological environment vulnerability in the study area, the spatial distribution map of the ecological environment vulnerability in the study area is obtained by using spatial difference. Finally, according to the comprehensive evaluation results, the SPSS radial basis function neural network model is combined with the model. The development trend of eco-environmental vulnerability in the study area was forecasted. The following conclusions were drawn through research and analysis: (1) Based on the framework of forest landscape pattern-ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation model, and combined with the actual situation of Wuzhishan city, three eco-sensitivity indexes and six forest landscape pattern indexes were selected to construct Wuzhishan city. (2) Elevation, slope and land use types were selected as the three influencing factors of ecological sensitivity, and the spatial principal component analysis was used to calculate the ecological sensitivity index. (3) Six influencing factors were selected for forest landscape pattern, including landscape separation, landscape fractal dimension, patch density, landscape aggregation, landscape connectivity index and patch cohesion index. The fragility index of ecological environment in the study area was calculated by principal component analysis. According to the spatial difference analysis, the spatial distribution of ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan city was obtained. Generally speaking, the areas with high degree of ecological environment vulnerability were mainly concentrated in southeast of Wuzhishan city. The regions with low vulnerability are mainly located in the northwest of Wuzhishan City. (5) Regression analysis of each single index is used to establish a single index prediction model. The development trend of ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan City is from 0.2972 in 1998 to 0.2617 in 2003, then to 0.3978 in 2014, and finally to 0.3983 in 2020. (6) According to the research results of ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan City, it is proposed to strengthen ecological environment protection. Consciousness; Scientific planning of modern urbanization construction to create eco-tourism cities; Rational development, utilization and protection of natural resources; Strengthening the management of ecological environment protection, control of ecological environment pollution these four ecological environment protection and development countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171.1
本文编号：2209481
[Abstract]:Eco-environmental vulnerability is one of the hot issues in the study of regional environmental change and sustainable development, and the study of eco-environmental vulnerability has already received worldwide attention. Wuzhishan City is located in the south-central part of Hainan Island. As the core area of eco-environmental protection in Hainan, Wuzhishan City vigorously develops tourism under the development trend of international tourism island. The construction of tourism and the rapid growth of GDP have neglected the protection of ecological environment, opened mountains and deforested forests, and cut down various disorderly phenomena frequently. The intensity of human activities has greatly increased, and the scope of activities has been expanding. As a result, the ecological environment of Wuzhishan City has been under unprecedented pressure. Eco-environmental protection and development of mountain city have important guiding significance and reference value, and it is helpful for Wuzhishan city to respond to the changes of eco-environment in time.Based on the comprehensive evaluation model of forest landscape pattern-ecological sensitivity, this paper constructs the evaluation system of eco-environmental vulnerability of Wuzhishan city in Hainan province and uses space. Principal Component Analysis and Principal Component Analysis are used to evaluate the ecological environment vulnerability of the study area. By analyzing the main influencing factors of the ecological environment vulnerability in the study area, the spatial distribution map of the ecological environment vulnerability in the study area is obtained by using spatial difference. Finally, according to the comprehensive evaluation results, the SPSS radial basis function neural network model is combined with the model. The development trend of eco-environmental vulnerability in the study area was forecasted. The following conclusions were drawn through research and analysis: (1) Based on the framework of forest landscape pattern-ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation model, and combined with the actual situation of Wuzhishan city, three eco-sensitivity indexes and six forest landscape pattern indexes were selected to construct Wuzhishan city. (2) Elevation, slope and land use types were selected as the three influencing factors of ecological sensitivity, and the spatial principal component analysis was used to calculate the ecological sensitivity index. (3) Six influencing factors were selected for forest landscape pattern, including landscape separation, landscape fractal dimension, patch density, landscape aggregation, landscape connectivity index and patch cohesion index. The fragility index of ecological environment in the study area was calculated by principal component analysis. According to the spatial difference analysis, the spatial distribution of ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan city was obtained. Generally speaking, the areas with high degree of ecological environment vulnerability were mainly concentrated in southeast of Wuzhishan city. The regions with low vulnerability are mainly located in the northwest of Wuzhishan City. (5) Regression analysis of each single index is used to establish a single index prediction model. The development trend of ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan City is from 0.2972 in 1998 to 0.2617 in 2003, then to 0.3978 in 2014, and finally to 0.3983 in 2020. (6) According to the research results of ecological environment vulnerability in Wuzhishan City, it is proposed to strengthen ecological environment protection. Consciousness; Scientific planning of modern urbanization construction to create eco-tourism cities; Rational development, utilization and protection of natural resources; Strengthening the management of ecological environment protection, control of ecological environment pollution these four ecological environment protection and development countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X171.1
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相关期刊论文 前2条
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2 周嘉慧;黄晓霞;;生态脆弱性评价方法评述[J];云南地理环境研究;2008年01期
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