重庆地区综合医院广场景观设计研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 03:53

【摘要】：医院作为为人们提供医疗服务护理服务的主要场所,其服务对象不仅包括了患者,还包含了处于特定生理状态的健康人及完全健康人,与人们的健康生活息息相关。而综合医院规模较大、科室设置齐全、医疗设备先进、各项功能都比较完善,在医院建设中始终处于领先地位,所以将综合性医院为研究对象最具代表性。广场景观作为医院绿地的重要组成部分,其基本功能是解决医院各建筑之间的交通流线问题,起到引导、舒缓人流的作用。而在现代医学开始强调对人的全面治疗的背景下,医院广场功能将被要求更加完善和多元化,将达到组织交通、辅助治疗、休闲娱乐、文化展示的目的。随着近年来城市的高速发展,大众生活水平逐渐提高,人们对于医疗服务和医疗环境的要求也越来越高,这便促进了我国综合医院改扩建建设,除却优质的医疗服务和技术,医院外部环境的优劣将成为医院间的核心竞争力。重庆作为西南地区重点建设发展城市之一,且是典型的山地城市,其综合医院景观建设条件特殊,为了满足交通的优化和可达性,综合医院外部环境则多以不同景观空间类型的广场景观表达。因此,本文则是以重庆地区综合医院外环境中的广场景观作为研究的重点。在明确综合医院广场景观的研究背景、目的及意义的基础上,本文以环境心理学和行为心理学等相关理论为理论基础,对综合医院广场景观的相关概念进行解读,并阐释了综合医院广场景观的功能和空间构成因素。选取重庆市综合医院广场景观为调查对象,从主城18所三甲综合医院中选取了10所综合医院的广场景观进行重点研究,采用问卷和实地调查的方法对重庆地区综合医院广场的使用人群的行为、重庆地区综合医院广场景观设计现状两个方面进行分析探讨:分析医院广场使用人群分类与需求、人的行为表现,总结使用人群的行为特征及问题;分析重庆地区综合医院广场类型、广场景观空间类型、广场与医疗环境的空间组织关系、广场的空间尺度、广场的交通组织形式及广场的景观要素五个方面,总结出重庆地区综合医院广场景观设计的特征及存在问题。最后,根据问卷及实地调研结果,探讨综合医院广场景观设计的原则及策略,形成本文的主要研究成果:(1)归纳总结出综合医院广场景观设计要满足院区场所精神的原则:文化性原则、生态原则和满足使用者的行为需求的原则:功能性设计原则、人性化设计原则、安全性设计原则。(2)从医院广场景观空间类型、空间组织、空间尺度、交通组织和景观要素五个方面提出具体策略:根据院前广场和中心广场的使用人群需求状况,院前广场景观空间类型可布置简单化,以交通通行的公共活动空间为主,规则式布局简单的半公共性质的休憩空间,以体现院区的严谨性;院区中心广场应配置多样化的休憩空间,满足院区使用人群的休憩休闲活动。根据院区实际用地情况和周边环境分析选择合适的空间组织形式,或复合式或自由式;广场内部景观空间则根据整体空间布局选择主从式、轴线式或并列式组织方式。选择合适的围护面要素和底界面要素配合建立空间尺度,合理把控广场与主体建筑的尺寸关系,院前广场可建立D/H值在1.5-2之间的最佳空间尺度,中心广场以二次围护界面和底界面辅助建设合适的广场空间尺度。广场交通组织应结合院区周边环境建设人车分流交通体系,注重出入口的分流和院区内部的交通分区。广场中的景观要素植物、景观小品、设施小品和铺装设计应注意与院区整体环境相结合,注重植物种类、色彩、空间层次等设计,注重景观小品、设施小品的位置、材质、造型色彩等设计,注意铺装材质、尺度、色彩、构图的设计,以满足使用者的多样性需求。
[Abstract]:The hospital is the main place for people to provide the medical service nursing service, the service object of the hospital not only includes the patient, but also includes the healthy person in a certain physiological state and the complete healthy person, and is closely related to the healthy life of the people. The comprehensive hospital is in a large scale, the departments are well equipped, the medical equipment is advanced, the functions are perfect, the hospital construction is always in the leading position, so the comprehensive hospital is the most representative of the research object. As an important part of the hospital green space, the basic function of the square is to solve the problem of the flow of traffic between the various buildings in the hospital and to guide and relieve the flow of people. In the background of modern medicine's emphasis on the overall treatment of human, the function of the hospital square will be required to be more perfect and diversified, and the purpose of organizing traffic, auxiliary treatment, leisure and entertainment and cultural display will be achieved. With the high-speed development of the city in recent years, the living standard of the public is gradually improved, and people's demand for medical service and medical environment is getting higher and higher, which has promoted the reconstruction and expansion construction of the comprehensive hospital in China, in addition to the high-quality medical service and technology, The advantages and disadvantages of the hospital's external environment will become the core competence of the hospital. As one of the key construction and developing cities in the southwest, Chongqing is a typical mountainous city, and its comprehensive hospital landscape construction condition is special. In order to meet the optimization and accessibility of the traffic, the external environment of the comprehensive hospital is expressed by the square landscape of different landscape space types. Therefore, this paper is the focus of the study on the landscape of the square in the external environment of the comprehensive hospital in Chongqing. Based on the research background, purpose and significance of the clear comprehensive hospital square landscape, this paper, based on the related theories of environmental psychology and behavioral psychology, interprets the related concepts of the comprehensive hospital square landscape. The functional and spatial factors of the comprehensive hospital square landscape are also explained. Taking the landscape of the general hospital square of Chongqing as the object of investigation, the author selected 10 comprehensive hospitals in the comprehensive hospital from 18 to the main city to focus on the study, using the questionnaire and the field survey to study the behavior of the people in the comprehensive hospital square in Chongqing. This paper makes an analysis of the present situation of the landscape design of the comprehensive hospital square in the Chongqing area: the analysis of the classification and demand of the people in the hospital square, the behavior of the people, the summary of the behavior characteristics and the problems of the people, and the type of the general hospital square and the type of the square landscape in the Chongqing area. The spatial organization relation of the square and the medical environment, the space scale of the square, the form of the traffic organization of the square and the landscape element of the square, the characteristics and the problems of the landscape design of the general hospital square in the Chongqing area are summarized. In the end, according to the questionnaire and the results of the on-the-spot investigation, the principles and strategies of the landscape design of the general hospital square are discussed, and the main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) The principle of the comprehensive hospital square landscape design to meet the spirit of the place of the hospital is summarized: the cultural principle, The principle of ecological principle and the principle of meeting the user's behavior need: the principle of functional design, the principle of humanity design and the principle of safety design. (2) The specific strategies are put forward from five aspects: the spatial type of the hospital square, the spatial organization, the space scale, the traffic organization and the landscape element: according to the needs of the people in the pre-hospital square and the central square, the landscape space type of the front square of the hospital can be simplified, In order to reflect the rigor of the courtyard, the central square of the courtyard should be equipped with a variety of open spaces to meet the rest and leisure activities of the people in the hospital. According to the actual land use and the surrounding environment, select the appropriate spatial organization form, or compound or free type; the interior landscape space of the square selects the master-slave type, the axis type or the parallel organization mode according to the overall space layout. and the optimal spatial scale of the D/ H value between 1 and 5-2 can be established in the pre-hospital square according to the selection of a suitable enclosure surface element and a bottom interface element to establish a spatial scale, reasonably combining the size relationship between the control square and the main building, The central square assists in the construction of a suitable square space scale with the secondary containment interface and the bottom interface. The traffic organization of the square shall, in combination with the surrounding environment of the courtyard, construct the traffic system of the people's vehicle, pay attention to the diversion of the entrance and exit and the traffic zone inside the courtyard area. The landscape element plant, the landscape sketch, the facility sketch and the pavement design in the square should be combined with the overall environment of the courtyard, and the design of the plant type, color and space level should be paid attention to, and the design of the landscape sketch, the location, the material and the shape color of the facility sketch should be paid attention to, and the paving material shall be paid attention to. The design of scale, color and composition to meet the user's diversity demand.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.18

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