港口生态系统风险评价LPA-RRM双层模型研究
发布时间：2019-05-07 15:41
【摘要】：随着港口行业的高速发展,部分港区及其附近海域成为了生态危机和环境污染的高发地带,港口突发性环境污染事故频频发生,特大溢油、化学品泄露等事故险情不断。因此,有必要对港口生态系统中的生态系统风险进行识别、度量与评价,为形成有效的风险管理预案和管理措施提供依据。本文在港口生态系统特征识别的基础上,提出了更为有效的方法对港口生态系统风险进行识别、度量与评价。具体来讲,本文内容包括对以下几个部分的研究：1、对港口生态系统的特征进行分析港口生态系统以人为主体,具有高度开放性,系统内自然、经济、社会三个子系统之间作用十分复杂。此外,港口所处海岸带具有生产力高、梯度变化高和脆弱度高等特点,港口建设使得环境自我调控能力大大下降。作为人工复合生态系统,港口生态系统的演进方向与自然系统相反。2、首次提出运用LPA-RRM双层模型对港口生态系统风险进行评价考虑到港口的分布特点和生态特征,本文提出运用LPA-RRM双层模型对港口生态系统风险进行评价,即：在进行港口生态风险评价的具体研究中,运用景观格局分析法(LPA)确定出大尺度范围不同区位港口(港区)的风险水平,称之为上层评价；之后,从上层评价的结果中筛选出感兴趣港区,作为相对风险评价模型(RRM)的输入,对小尺度范围内区位相近、相似的港区进行风险机理识别和风险评价,称之为下层评价。此外,在具备较为明确的港口(港区)规划发展方案时,利用下层评价-RRM可以较好地实现对未来生态风险的预测。3、利用LPA-RRM双层模型对大连地区港口进行生态风险评价首先,利用上层评价-LPA对大连地区各港口(港区)进行生态风险水平评价,识别出长兴岛港区处于高风险区；之后,结合规划数据,运用下层评价-RRM对长兴岛港区内部生态风险进行研究,预测出长兴岛港区的西中岛北岸为高风险区,港口码头建设及船舶运输为主要的风险源,近海水体为主要受威胁生境,生物物种为主要风险受体。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of port industry, some port areas and their adjacent sea areas have become high-risk areas of ecological crisis and environmental pollution. Accidents of sudden environmental pollution occur frequently, especially oil spills, chemical spills, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to identify, measure and evaluate the risk of the ecosystem in the port ecosystem, so as to provide the basis for the formation of an effective risk management plan and management measures. Based on the feature recognition of port ecosystem, this paper puts forward a more effective method to identify, measure and evaluate the risk of port ecosystem. Specifically, the content of this paper includes the following parts: 1, the characteristics of the port ecosystem are analyzed with people as the main body, with a high degree of openness, the system within the natural, economic, The role of the three subsystems of society is very complex. In addition, the coastal zone of the port is characterized by high productivity, high gradient change and high vulnerability. The construction of the port has greatly reduced the environmental self-regulation ability. As an artificial compound ecosystem, the evolution direction of the port ecosystem is opposite to that of the natural system. 2. For the first time, it is proposed to use the LPA-RRM double-layer model to evaluate the risk of the port ecosystem, taking into account the distribution and ecological characteristics of the port. In this paper, the LPA-RRM double-layer model is used to evaluate the risk of port ecosystem, that is, in the concrete study of the assessment of port ecological risk, Using landscape pattern analysis method (LPA) to determine the risk level of large-scale ports (ports) in different localities, which is called upper-level evaluation; As the input of relative risk assessment model (RRM), risk mechanism identification and risk evaluation of similar port areas in small scale are carried out, which is called "lower level evaluation", which is used as the input of the relative risk assessment model to identify and evaluate the risk mechanism of the port area of interest from the results of the upper evaluation. In addition, when there is a more clear port (port) planning and development plan, the use of lower-level evaluation-RRM can achieve better prediction of future ecological risks. 3, The LPA-RRM double layer model is used to evaluate the ecological risk of Dalian port. Firstly, the upper layer evaluation-LPA is used to evaluate the ecological risk level of the ports in Dalian area, and the high risk area of Changxing Island Port area is identified. Then, combining with the planning data, using the lower-level evaluation-RRM to study the internal ecological risk of Changxing Island Port area, it is predicted that the north coast of the West Central Island of Changxing Island Port area is a high-risk area, and the port terminal construction and ship transportation are the main risk sources. Offshore waters are the main threatened habitats and biological species are the main risk receptors.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82;X826
本文编号：2471200
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of port industry, some port areas and their adjacent sea areas have become high-risk areas of ecological crisis and environmental pollution. Accidents of sudden environmental pollution occur frequently, especially oil spills, chemical spills, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to identify, measure and evaluate the risk of the ecosystem in the port ecosystem, so as to provide the basis for the formation of an effective risk management plan and management measures. Based on the feature recognition of port ecosystem, this paper puts forward a more effective method to identify, measure and evaluate the risk of port ecosystem. Specifically, the content of this paper includes the following parts: 1, the characteristics of the port ecosystem are analyzed with people as the main body, with a high degree of openness, the system within the natural, economic, The role of the three subsystems of society is very complex. In addition, the coastal zone of the port is characterized by high productivity, high gradient change and high vulnerability. The construction of the port has greatly reduced the environmental self-regulation ability. As an artificial compound ecosystem, the evolution direction of the port ecosystem is opposite to that of the natural system. 2. For the first time, it is proposed to use the LPA-RRM double-layer model to evaluate the risk of the port ecosystem, taking into account the distribution and ecological characteristics of the port. In this paper, the LPA-RRM double-layer model is used to evaluate the risk of port ecosystem, that is, in the concrete study of the assessment of port ecological risk, Using landscape pattern analysis method (LPA) to determine the risk level of large-scale ports (ports) in different localities, which is called upper-level evaluation; As the input of relative risk assessment model (RRM), risk mechanism identification and risk evaluation of similar port areas in small scale are carried out, which is called "lower level evaluation", which is used as the input of the relative risk assessment model to identify and evaluate the risk mechanism of the port area of interest from the results of the upper evaluation. In addition, when there is a more clear port (port) planning and development plan, the use of lower-level evaluation-RRM can achieve better prediction of future ecological risks. 3, The LPA-RRM double layer model is used to evaluate the ecological risk of Dalian port. Firstly, the upper layer evaluation-LPA is used to evaluate the ecological risk level of the ports in Dalian area, and the high risk area of Changxing Island Port area is identified. Then, combining with the planning data, using the lower-level evaluation-RRM to study the internal ecological risk of Changxing Island Port area, it is predicted that the north coast of the West Central Island of Changxing Island Port area is a high-risk area, and the port terminal construction and ship transportation are the main risk sources. Offshore waters are the main threatened habitats and biological species are the main risk receptors.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82;X826
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 匡耀求,黄宁生;关于《湿地公约》中“湿地”定义的汉译[J];生态环境;2005年01期
2 彭士涛;覃雪波;周然;王心海;石洪华;;渤海湾港口生态风险评估[J];生态学报;2014年01期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 王小龙;海岛生态系统风险评价方法及应用研究[D];中国科学院研究生院（海洋研究所）;2006年
，本文编号：2471200
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/huanjingshejilunwen/2471200.html
