论禅学与宋元文人画的思想关联

发布时间：2018-06-04 05:47

本文选题：文人画 + 倪瓒　；参考：《文艺研究》2017年12期

【摘要】：文人画发端于宋,在元代形成自身独特的面貌,画风影响延至明清。欲探究文人画异军突起的原因,必然绕不开禅学。如果缺少了禅学对士夫文人精神世界的渗透,那么文人画的崛起是无法想象的。而禅学作为一种关于觉悟的思想,对宋元文人画的影响不在于技,而在于道,更进一步讲是在于对欲望表达方式的改变。禅学对于宋元文人画的思想关联可表述为,在绘画表达中从"欲"到"无欲"的转变,这即是文人画所提倡的"平淡天真"之意。此外,尽管文人画中的"隐逸"气质并不能完全归结于禅学的影响,但却又常被视为禅学内观心学作用于绘画后的消极后果。当文人画基于特殊时代所表现出来的"平淡",成为后人眼中的"逸"之审美品格时,"平淡"原本所包含的深刻的生命体验,也蜕变为一种可供摹仿的风格图式,从而失去了其根植于内心的动人力量。
[Abstract]:Literati painting originated in Song Dynasty, formed its own unique appearance in Yuan Dynasty, and the influence of painting style was extended to Ming and Qing dynasties. To explore the reasons for the sudden emergence of literati painting, there must be no Zen. Without the penetration of Zen into the spiritual world of literati, the rise of literati painting is unimaginable. As a kind of thought about consciousness, the influence of Zen on literati painting in Song and Yuan dynasties lies not in technique, but in Tao, and further, in the change of expression of desire. The ideological connection of Zen to literati painting in Song and Yuan dynasties can be expressed as the change from "desire" to "no desire" in the expression of painting, which is the meaning of "plain innocence" advocated by literati painting. In addition, although the "reclusive" temperament in literati painting can not be completely attributed to the influence of Zen, it is often regarded as the negative consequence of Zen internalism after painting. When literati painting is based on the "bland" shown by the special era and becomes the aesthetic character of "ease" in the eyes of later generations, the profound life experience originally contained in "bland" has also changed into a style schema that can be imitated. Thus losing its innermost-rooted moving power.
【作者单位】：武汉科技大学艺术与设计学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“禅学与宋元绘画风格转型的关联性研究”(批准号:17YJC760025)成果
【分类号】：J212

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