增阻式—维弹道修正弹修正机构设计与修正能力研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 07:40

本文选题：一维弹道修正 + 阻力系数　；参考：《中北大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代战争的作战模式和战场空间在很大程度上已发生改变,为满足一系列作战需求,要求弹箭在保证对目标精确打击的同时,最大程度降低对非军事设施和平民的附加毁伤。弹道修正弹作为常规制式弹药的一种,通过加装修正控制装置,对实际飞行弹道参数进行探测并加以修正,其命中精度高,成本低廉,已成为一种介于导弹与普通炮弹之间的新型精确打击弹药,相关技术的发展将成为主导未来战争成败的关键因素。本文以安装有阻力片的一维弹道修正弹为研究对象,结合一维弹道修正技术,在分析研究阻力型一维弹道修正机构工作原理的基础上,重点设计并确定了一种用于提高弹箭飞行阻力的复合型双层八片式射程修正机构。借助动力学数值仿真软件对其工作可行性和可靠性进行验证分析,依靠流体力学仿真软件对其气动特性及射程修正能力进行定量分析与初步评估。具体研究工作主要体现为:首先,针对一维弹道修正机构的工作原理与运动特性,提出修正机构的总体结构设计方案。以某155mm口径制式旋转稳定弹为研究平台,利用实体建模软件Solidworks对修正机构进行初步结构设计与建模,使用ADAMS动力学仿真软件建立机构的动力学模型,对机构在一定工况下的工作过程进行数值模拟,验证了机构在高速旋转并承受一定载荷时的动力学性能及工作可靠性。其次,根据空气动力学及外弹道学理论,建立计算用一维弹道修正弹气动模型,利用FLUENT仿真软件对弹丸加装修正机构前后的绕流流场进行数值模拟,得出不同工况下弹丸的气动力参数,重点对修正机构的阻力片展开面积、展开时刻、开槽位置与开槽大小等参数对气动特性的影响规律进行研究。最后,再次结合一维弹道修正技术及外弹道学相关理论,建立标准气象条件下的一维弹道修正弹质点运动模型。采用经典四阶定步长龙格—库塔法编写弹道程序,分析阻力片结构参数变化、展开面积、展开时刻等因素对弹丸纵向射程修正能力的影响。通过以上研究表明,该修正机构展开迅速且工作稳定可靠,具有较强的一维弹道修正能力,可为一维弹道修正弹的进一步结构设计提供数据参考。
[Abstract]:The combat mode and battlefield space of modern war have changed to a great extent. In order to meet a series of operational requirements, it is required that the missile and arrow should minimize the additional damage to non-military installations and civilians while ensuring the accurate attack on the target. As a kind of conventional ammunition, the ballistic correction projectile can detect and modify the actual flight trajectory parameters by adding a modified control device. The accuracy of the ballistic correction is high and the cost is low. It has become a new type of precision strike ammunition between missile and ordinary projectile. The development of related technology will be the key factor to dominate the success or failure of future war. In this paper, the one-dimensional ballistic correction projectile with resistive flaps is taken as the research object, and based on the analysis and study of the working principle of the one-dimensional ballistic correction mechanism of resistance type, combined with the one-dimensional trajectory correction technology, A compound double-layer eight-slice range correction mechanism is designed and determined to improve the flight resistance of projectile and arrow. The feasibility and reliability of the system are verified and analyzed with the help of the numerical simulation software of dynamics, and the aerodynamic characteristics and range correction ability are quantitatively analyzed and preliminarily evaluated by the hydrodynamic simulation software. The main research works are as follows: firstly, according to the working principle and motion characteristics of one-dimensional trajectory correction mechanism, the overall structure design scheme of the modification mechanism is put forward. Based on a 155mm caliber rotary stabilized missile, the structure of the modified mechanism is designed and modeled by using the entity modeling software Solidworks, and the dynamic model of the mechanism is established by using the ADAMS dynamic simulation software. The working process of the mechanism under certain working conditions is numerically simulated to verify the dynamic performance and reliability of the mechanism when it rotates at high speed and bears a certain load. Secondly, according to the theory of aerodynamics and exterior ballistics, the aerodynamic model of one-dimensional ballistic correction projectile is established, and the flow field around the projectile before and after the modified mechanism is numerically simulated by FLUENT software. The aerodynamic parameters of the projectile under different working conditions are obtained, and the influence of the parameters on the aerodynamic characteristics of the modified mechanism, such as the expansion area, the opening time, the slot position and the slot size, are studied. Finally, combined with the theory of one-dimensional trajectory correction and the theory of exterior ballistics, the motion model of one-dimensional ballistic modified projectile is established under the standard weather conditions. The ballistic program is compiled by the classical fourth order constant step Runge-Kutta method to analyze the influence of the structural parameters of the resistive sheet, the spreading area and the unfolding time on the correction ability of the projectile's longitudinal range. The results show that the correction mechanism is fast, stable and reliable, and has a strong ability of one-dimensional trajectory correction, which can provide data reference for further structural design of one-dimensional ballistic correction projectile.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TJ413.6

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