室内装饰材料的燃烧性能研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 16:46
【摘要】：本文利用锥形量热计对多种木制品、泡沫塑料、铺地材料以及复合材料的燃烧性能进行了研究,并通过试验获得的热释放速率(HRR)、热失重速率(MLR)、有效燃烧热(EHC)、烟释放速率(SPR)、比消光面积(SEA)和点燃时间(TTI)等参数研究了材料的热降解行为、阻燃机理和抑烟性能。文中还研究了外部辐射热流对锥形量热计各种参数的影响,以及参数间的相互关系。最后分析了与锥形量热计有关的燃烧模型,并利用锥形量热计对建筑材料燃烧性能分级进行了初步的探索。研究结果表明: (1) 经过阻燃处理的木材其热释放速率有不同程度地降低,降低的多少与木材的种类和阻燃剂的含量有关,而且阻燃处理还延长了木材的点燃时间。同时,木材的总放热量、比消光面积和CO2 产率在阻燃处理后也有所降低,但CO 产率无显著变化。另外,阻燃处理还可提高木材的成炭量。最后研究还发现未经阻燃处理的木材制品在燃烧时其热释放速率会形成两个波峰。 (2) 在辐射热流较高的情况下(不低于30kW/m2),材料的热释放速率会随着辐射热流的改变呈现出线性的变化规律。根据这个线性关系,笔者提出了热释放系数这个概念,并依据这个参数可判断材料燃烧的难易程度。同样,对于热厚性材料,当辐射热流在30kW/m2 以上时,材料的点燃时间与辐射热流也存在这样的关系,即TTI-1/2与辐射热流基本上也呈线性变化。 (3) 相同厚度的同种材料在同样的外部条件下,随辐射热流增加,质量损失速率会加快,总放热量增加,但有效燃烧热、CO 产率和CO2产率无多大变化。材料厚度增加,点燃时间会延长。 (4) 根据锥形量热计所获得的热释放速率峰值和总放热量可以对建筑材料燃烧性能进行分级,这种分级方法比起以前的分级方法具有更多的优点和科学性,并且可以统一各类材料的测试方法。 通过锥形量热计得到的数据为建立火灾特性数据库提供了许多有意义的内容,为消防研究、设计人员在火灾荷载、火灾危险性评估及性能化规范的建立等方面提供了极具参考价值的宝贵资源,为防火安全设计的实现打下了一定的基础。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the combustion properties of various wood products, foamed plastics, floor coverings and composite materials were studied by means of a cone calorimeter. The thermal degradation behavior, flame retardancy mechanism and smoke inhibition properties of the materials were studied by the thermal release rate (HRR), thermogravimetric rate (MLR), effective combustion heat (EHC), smoke release rate (SPR), specific extinction area (SEA) and igniting time (TTI). The influence of external radiative heat flux on the parameters of cone calorimeter and the relationship between the parameters are also studied. Finally, the combustion model related to the cone calorimeter is analyzed, and the combustion performance classification of building materials is preliminarily explored by using the cone calorimeter. The results showed that: (1) the heat release rate of the treated wood decreased in varying degrees, and the decrease was related to the species of wood and the content of flame retardant. And the flame retardant treatment also prolonged the wood ignition time. At the same time, the total heat release, specific extinction area and CO2 yield of wood also decreased after flame retardant treatment, but the CO yield did not change significantly. In addition, flame retardant treatment can also increase the amount of wood charcoal formation. Finally, it was found that the heat release rate of wood products without flame-retardant treatment would form two peaks during combustion. (2) under the condition of high radiation heat flux (no less than 30kW/m2), The heat release rate of the material changes linearly with the change of the radiation heat flux. According to this linear relation, the concept of heat release coefficient is put forward and the difficulty degree of material combustion can be judged by this parameter. Similarly, for heat thick materials, when the radiation heat flux is above 30kW/m2, the ignition time of the material has the same relationship with the radiation heat flux. (3) under the same external conditions, the mass loss rate of the same material increases with the increase of the radiation heat flux. The total heat release increased, but the CO yield and CO2 yield of effective combustion heat did not change much. The thickness of the material increases and the ignition time is prolonged. (4) according to the peak heat release rate and the total heat release obtained by the cone calorimeter, the combustion performance of the building material can be classified. This classification method has more advantages and more scientific than the previous classification method, and it can unify the testing methods of all kinds of materials. The data obtained from the cone calorimeter provide a lot of meaningful content for the establishment of a database of fire characteristics, for fire protection research, designers in the fire load, The establishment of fire risk assessment and performance-based codes provides valuable resources for fire safety design.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：TU564
本文编号：2179658
[Abstract]:In this paper, the combustion properties of various wood products, foamed plastics, floor coverings and composite materials were studied by means of a cone calorimeter. The thermal degradation behavior, flame retardancy mechanism and smoke inhibition properties of the materials were studied by the thermal release rate (HRR), thermogravimetric rate (MLR), effective combustion heat (EHC), smoke release rate (SPR), specific extinction area (SEA) and igniting time (TTI). The influence of external radiative heat flux on the parameters of cone calorimeter and the relationship between the parameters are also studied. Finally, the combustion model related to the cone calorimeter is analyzed, and the combustion performance classification of building materials is preliminarily explored by using the cone calorimeter. The results showed that: (1) the heat release rate of the treated wood decreased in varying degrees, and the decrease was related to the species of wood and the content of flame retardant. And the flame retardant treatment also prolonged the wood ignition time. At the same time, the total heat release, specific extinction area and CO2 yield of wood also decreased after flame retardant treatment, but the CO yield did not change significantly. In addition, flame retardant treatment can also increase the amount of wood charcoal formation. Finally, it was found that the heat release rate of wood products without flame-retardant treatment would form two peaks during combustion. (2) under the condition of high radiation heat flux (no less than 30kW/m2), The heat release rate of the material changes linearly with the change of the radiation heat flux. According to this linear relation, the concept of heat release coefficient is put forward and the difficulty degree of material combustion can be judged by this parameter. Similarly, for heat thick materials, when the radiation heat flux is above 30kW/m2, the ignition time of the material has the same relationship with the radiation heat flux. (3) under the same external conditions, the mass loss rate of the same material increases with the increase of the radiation heat flux. The total heat release increased, but the CO yield and CO2 yield of effective combustion heat did not change much. The thickness of the material increases and the ignition time is prolonged. (4) according to the peak heat release rate and the total heat release obtained by the cone calorimeter, the combustion performance of the building material can be classified. This classification method has more advantages and more scientific than the previous classification method, and it can unify the testing methods of all kinds of materials. The data obtained from the cone calorimeter provide a lot of meaningful content for the establishment of a database of fire characteristics, for fire protection research, designers in the fire load, The establishment of fire risk assessment and performance-based codes provides valuable resources for fire safety design.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：TU564
【引证文献】
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相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 付晓丁;磷氮硼阻燃剂的制备及其对刨花板阻燃性能影响的研究[D];中国林业科学研究院;2012年
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