伊格尔顿的意识形态政治批评研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 19:58

本文选题：伊格尔顿　切入点：政治　出处：《华中师范大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伊格尔顿是一位著名的马克思主义文学理论家和文学批评家,他批评理论的特征和概念体系就是:意识形态政治批评。在他的学术思想历程中,可看到伊格尔顿的意识形态政治批评理论经历了一个不断发展和构建的过程。从整体上说,伊格尔顿批评理论走了一条从文学批评逐步扩展为文化理论研究的道路。伊格尔顿坚持批评理论必然是为政治实际服务的,所以他的文学批评思想和文化理论始终贯穿着政治性。他的政治批评观是由美学、政治、意识形态内在关联而构成的一个交叉网络,其中,意识形态是理论批评的核心,政治是这一思想网络运行的内驱力,是来源于实践的力量,美学的文化艺术的广阔界面则构成理论的张力场。本文分三个部分。第一部分论述了伊格尔顿意识形态理论的发展过程。在这个过程中,伊格尔顿不断汲取各种理论充实“意识形态”的意义,形成多个意识形态界定。从认识论和社会学的角度来理解,他特别强调了“虚假意识”应该在“无意识”所代表的强有力潜能的意义上被理解成一种力量,这种力量正是意识形态的实践功能的所在。同时,他把意识形态理论推进到文学研究领域,认为文学是意识形态的一部分,它具有一定的政治色彩,但同时它也是经济基础的一部分,从而提出文学是审美意识形态生产的观点。这个观点的建立就改变了众多西方马克思主义者的文学研究方法,使马克思主义深入文本内部进行研究。第二部分论述了文学和文化中的政治批评。20世纪80年代以来,由于受后结构主义的影响,伊格尔顿的思想有所变化和发展,他更加强调文学批评的政治性。在以英国文学为切入点论述了政治批评是文学批评存在的理由和价值之后,特别指出文学中的政治性不是为某一特定的政治任务服务,而是在批评中所确立的话语是具有意识形态、政治性的权力话语。从而他把政治批评的视野扩大到整个文化,并且以文化这个宏大的视野为解析的角度,指出在这个视域中,政治批评的目的最终指向和谐的社会。第三部分论述了审美与意识形态政治批评的关系。他以意识形态为连接政治与美学的核心话语,美学作为一种意识形态它有内在的规律和矛盾,但同时它又有深刻的经济、政治及其它方面的根源。伊格尔顿还把身体、审美和政治意识形态三者联系起来,认为身体是意识形态和审美活动的基础和中介,意识形态和审美活动对身体具有构建作用,而审美观念的构建同时又对意识形态形成挑战。在相互复杂的关系中,伊格尔顿从现代美学发生发展的社会条件、审美的内在复杂性和审美的基
[Abstract]:Eagleton is a famous Marxist literary theorist and literary critic. The characteristics and conceptual system of his criticism theory are ideological and political criticism. It can be seen that Eagleton's theory of ideological political criticism has gone through a process of continuous development and construction. Eagleton's criticism theory has taken a path from literary criticism to cultural theory research. Eagleton insists that criticism theory is bound to serve political practice. So his thought of literary criticism and his theory of culture always run through politics. His view of political criticism is a cross network composed of aesthetics, politics and ideology, in which ideology is the core of theoretical criticism. Politics is the internal driving force of the operation of this ideological network and the strength of practice. The broad interface of aesthetic culture and art constitutes the tension field of the theory. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part discusses the development process of Eagleton's ideology theory. In this process, Eagleton constantly absorbs various theories to enrich the meaning of "ideology". From the perspective of epistemology and sociology, he emphasizes that "false consciousness" should be understood as a force in the sense of the powerful potential represented by "unconscious". This force is precisely where the practical function of ideology lies. At the same time, he pushed the theory of ideology into the field of literary research, thinking that literature is a part of ideology and that it has a certain political color. But at the same time, it is also part of the economic foundation, thus putting forward the viewpoint that literature is the production of aesthetic ideology. The establishment of this viewpoint has changed the literary research methods of many Western Marxists. Make Marxism research deeply inside the text. The second part discusses the political criticism in literature and culture. Since the 1980s, Eagleton's thought has changed and developed due to the influence of post-structuralism. He emphasized the political nature of literary criticism. After discussing that political criticism is the reason and value of literary criticism, he pointed out in particular that the political nature in literature does not serve a particular political task. Instead, the discourse established in the criticism is an ideological and political discourse of power. Thus, he extends the perspective of political criticism to the whole culture, and points out that in this field of view, from the perspective of the grand vision of culture, The aim of political criticism is ultimately directed towards a harmonious society. The third part discusses the relationship between aesthetics and ideological political criticism. He regards ideology as the core discourse linking politics and aesthetics. As an ideology, aesthetics has its inherent laws and contradictions, but it also has a profound economy. Eagleton also links the body, aesthetics and political ideology, and thinks that the body is the basis and intermediary of ideology and aesthetic activity, and ideology and aesthetic activity have the function of structuring the body. At the same time, the construction of aesthetic concept challenges ideology. In the complex relationship between each other, Eagleton develops from the social conditions of modern aesthetics, aesthetic inherent complexity and aesthetic basis
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：I06

【引证文献】