“逸”的美学范畴研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 15:31

本文选题：气　切入点：韵　出处：《山东大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 在建设当代有中国特色的美学的系统工程中，对中国古典美学思想的研究是重要的一环。而“逸”作为中国传统美学中一个很重要的范畴，我们有必要对它进行深入、细致的研究，研究它的内涵的发展演变的轨迹和规律，研究它何以在中国古代几千年里成为决定中国古代文人的生活状态和艺术追求的审美范畴。本文采用了历史和逻辑相统一的研究方法，首先考察“逸”的涵义的发展演变轨迹及审美内涵。它最初是作为主体的一种生活态度和精神境界而存在的，后逐渐发展成为一个审美范畴，这是一个从评人之“逸”发展成为评艺之“逸”的历程。作为评人之“逸”主要用于对隐逸之士或具有隐逸精神的主体的品评，作为评艺之“逸”则主要用于对山水艺术(田园山水诗、山水画、园林山水)的品评。随着山水艺术的不断发展成熟和艺术种类的不断丰富和发展，“逸”的范畴也逐渐渗透到了其他艺术种类中；然后研究了“逸”的审美内涵，本文认为“逸”是“气”与“韵”的和谐统一，是中国“天人合一”思想的完美体现；其次，对“逸”在中国文化中的二重内涵进行研究，分别研究其作为生活状态和审美范畴的历史演变轨迹；再次，分别研究了“逸”在各个门类艺术中的具体存在；最后，根据气与韵的不同组合方式，把“逸”划分为三种形态，即“雄逸”、“飘逸”和“清逸”，并分别三种形态进行研究。本文认为，“逸”作为中国独有的一个美学范畴，它对中国古代人的生活方式产生了极大的影响，决定了自由、超越、个性是古代文人永远的追求；同时也对中国古典艺术和美学产生了巨大的影响，这种影响表现在绘画、书法、建筑园林、诗歌、服饰及雕塑等领域，在这些领域中“逸品”成为最高的审美标准。新文化运动和“五四”运动以来，虽然无论是作为生活状态还是作为审美标准，“逸”都逐渐走向了衰微，但它仍然是中国人心中永远的追求。中国的当代美学，主要是在借鉴、移植西方美学思想的基础上建立起来的，，而这些美学思想在面对中国人特有的生活状态和艺术实践时，阐释力是不够的。因此我们现在要建设有中国特色的艺术理论和美学理论，而其中重要的一点就是对中国古典美学理论进行现代性转换，所以对“逸”的审美内涵和表现形态作整体的、系统的研究，并对它进行现代性阐释，显然具有重要的意义。这将对我国当代人的生活方式、人的主体精神的建构和当代的美学、艺术理论及艺术实践产生巨大而积极的影响。
[Abstract]:In the systematic engineering of constructing contemporary aesthetics with Chinese characteristics, the study of Chinese classical aesthetic thought is an important link. As a very important category in Chinese traditional aesthetics, it is necessary for us to go deep into it. Detailed study, study its connotation of development and evolution of the track and law, study why it in ancient China for thousands of years to determine the life of ancient Chinese literati and artistic pursuit of the aesthetic category. This article adopts the research method of the unity of history and logic. First, it examines the development and evolution of the meaning of "Yi" and its aesthetic connotation. It was originally a kind of life attitude and spiritual realm as the main body. Later on, it has gradually developed into an aesthetic category, which is a process from the "Yi" of the critic to the "escape" of the art, which is mainly used for the evaluation of the reclusive person or the subject with the reclusive spirit. "Yi" is mainly used in landscape art (pastoral landscape poetry, landscape painting). Along with the continuous development and maturity of landscape art and the constant enrichment and development of art types, the category of "Yi" gradually penetrated into other kinds of art, and then studied the aesthetic connotation of "Yi". This paper holds that "Yi" is the harmony and unity of "Qi" and "rhyme", and is the perfect embodiment of the thought of "harmony of nature and man". Secondly, it studies the dual connotation of "Yi" in Chinese culture. The paper studies its historical evolution as a kind of life state and aesthetic category; thirdly, it studies the concrete existence of "Yi" in various kinds of art; finally, according to the different combinations of Qi and rhyme, it divides "Yi" into three forms. Namely "Xiongyi", "elegant" and "Qingyi", and respectively three forms of research. As a unique aesthetic category in China, "Yi" has a great influence on the way of life of ancient Chinese people, which determines the freedom, transcendence and individuality of ancient literati. At the same time, it has had a great impact on Chinese classical art and aesthetics. This influence has been manifested in the fields of painting, calligraphy, architectural gardens, poetry, clothing and sculpture, etc. Since the New Cultural Movement and the May 4th Movement, "Yi" has gradually declined, both as a state of life and as an aesthetic standard. But it is still the eternal pursuit of the Chinese people. Chinese contemporary aesthetics is mainly built on the basis of drawing lessons from and transplanting western aesthetic thoughts, which are faced with the unique living conditions and artistic practices of the Chinese people. Interpretation is not enough. Therefore, we need to build art theory and aesthetic theory with Chinese characteristics now, and one of the important points is to transform the Chinese classical aesthetic theory into modernity. Therefore, it is of great significance to make a systematic study of the aesthetic connotation and expressive form of "Yi", and to explain it to modernity. This will be of great significance to the way of life of contemporary people in our country. The construction of man's subjective spirit and contemporary aesthetics, art theory and art practice have great and positive influence.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：J01

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