从文学文体学视角研究杨宪益《红楼梦》汉诗英译的艺术

发布时间：2018-04-10 09:07

本文选题：杨宪益　切入点：汉诗英译　出处：《广东外语外贸大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：杨宪益（1915-2009）是中国著名的翻译家、文化研究专家、诗人。在新旧文化交替的特殊历史条件下，杨宪益接受过中国传统文化的熏陶，沐浴过西方思想的洗礼。在夫人戴乃迭的帮助下，杨宪益献身翻译事业逾半个世纪，不仅将大批外国优秀文学作品译成中文，而且将中国两千年以来众多经典名著推向世界，在国内外享有盛誉，被誉为“翻译了整个中国”的士大夫，翻译成就少有人企及。在汉诗英译领域，杨宪益同样是多产的译者，出版了多本英译汉诗的选集，如《离骚》、《汉魏六朝诗词散文选》、《唐宋诗词散文选》等。翻译家许渊冲把杨宪益列为诗歌翻译散体派的代表人物，遗憾的是，学界对其英译汉诗所作的具体研究屈指可数，缺乏对译者诗歌翻译美学价值的发掘。本文旨在利用文学文体学发掘杨宪益汉诗英译的艺术特色，并进一步揭示其翻译原则。《红楼梦》的诗词在推动故事情节发展，表达小说人物情感和抒发作者身世感慨方面都发挥着重要作用，又有区别于一般诗歌诗文互动的特质，体现了清代诗歌较高的艺术价值。杨宪益《红楼梦》译本中汉诗英译数量可观，为杨宪益翻译生涯中的后期作品，集中体现了杨宪益较稳定的艺术特点，适合作为本文的研究对象。文学文体学为文体学的一个分支，能帮助读者从文本出发赏析文学作品，并早已在诗歌翻译研究方面富有建树。笔者利用利奇和肖特的文本分析模型为理论框架，并基于诗歌的特点改良该模型。结合中国传统的诗学观点和外国现代诗歌的理论，从音韵、词汇、句法和篇章连贯四个层次分析杨宪益的英译汉诗，从诗歌本身乃至整部小说和整个社会语境理解译文，，挖掘译文的美学特色。笔者通过分析，认为杨宪益从语音、词汇、句法和语篇连贯等诸层面致力重塑原诗的意境，展现富有传统中国特色的诗意画面，引导读者沉浸在意境提供的体验当中进行物我感发。杨宪益用英语再现了中国诗歌的韵味，而西方文化重视万物的差异和物我的差距，西方读者欣赏杨宪益的译文有一定的困难。笔者认为如果西方读者对中国诗歌的感物方式有一定了解，能更好从杨宪益的汉诗英译中了解中国文学和文化。本文的意义在于填补了对杨宪益汉诗英译进行系统研究的空白，对诗歌流派的研究和杨宪益的翻译家研究皆有补益，同时能为诗歌翻译的具体实践提供一定的启示。
[Abstract]:Yang Xianyi (1915-2009) is a famous translator, expert in cultural studies and poet in China.Under the special historical conditions of new and old culture alternation, Yang Xianyi has received the influence of Chinese traditional culture and bathed in the baptism of western thought.With the help of his wife, Dai Nadie, Yang Xianyi devoted himself to translation for more than half a century. He not only translated a large number of excellent foreign literary works into Chinese, but also brought China's many classic masterpieces to the world since 2000 years and enjoyed a high reputation at home and abroad.The literati and bureaucrats who have been praised as "translated the whole of China" are less likely to be translated.English-to-Chinese, the translator, listed Yang Xianyi as a representative figure of poetry translation. Unfortunately, there are only a few specific studies on English-to-Chinese 's poems in academic circles, which lack the aesthetic value of translation.The purpose of this paper is to explore the artistic features of Yang Xianyi's translation of Chinese poems into English by means of literary stylistics, and to further reveal its translation principles. The poems of A Dream of Red Mansions promote the development of the plot of the story.Both expressing the emotions of the characters and expressing the author's feelings play an important role, and they are different from the general poetry and prose interaction, which reflects the high artistic value of the Qing Dynasty poetry.The translation of Chinese poems into English in Yang Xianyi's "A Dream of Red Mansions" is a considerable quantity, which is a late translation work of Yang Xianyi, which embodies the more stable artistic characteristics of Yang Xianyi and is suitable for the study of this paper.Literary stylistics is a branch of stylistics which can help readers appreciate literary works from the text and have made great achievements in poetry translation.The author uses Leech and short's text analysis model as the theoretical framework, and improves the model based on the characteristics of poetry.Combined with the traditional Chinese poetic view and the theory of foreign modern poetry, this paper analyzes English-to-Chinese 's poems from the four levels of phonology, vocabulary, syntax and textual coherence, and understands the translation from the poetry itself, the whole novel and the whole social context.Explore the aesthetic features of the translation.Based on the analysis, the author holds that Yang Xianyi is committed to reconstructing the artistic conception of the original poem from the aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary, syntax and discourse coherence, and to display poetic images with traditional Chinese characteristics.Guide readers to immerse themselves in the experience provided by artistic conception.Yang Xianyi reproduces the charm of Chinese poetry in English, while Western culture attaches importance to the difference of everything and the gap between things and me. It is difficult for western readers to appreciate the translation of Yang Xianyi.The author holds that if the western readers have a certain understanding of the ways in which Chinese poetry is sensed, they can better understand Chinese literature and culture from Yang Xianyi's translation of Chinese poetry into English.The significance of this thesis is to fill the gaps in the systematic study of the translation of Yang Xianyi's Chinese poems into English, to make up for the study of poetry genres as well as the studies of Yang Xianyi's translators, and to provide some enlightenment for the specific practice of poetry translation.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315.9;I046

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