从《傲慢与偏见》两种译本看译者主体性的发挥

发布时间：2018-07-06 16:28

本文选题：译者主体性 + 体现　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 译者是翻译活动中最活跃的主体因素。然而,在传统的文本中心翻译理论的影响下,为了忠实的传达作者的意图,译者不得不尽可能地压抑自己的主观能动性,努力成为作者及原作忠实的“仆人”。20世纪70年代,西方出现了翻译研究的“文化转向”,产生了许多以目的语文化为研究重点的翻译理论,包括目的论,多元系统论和“操纵学派”理论。他们注意到译者在翻译中的创造性地位以及译者主体性的重要性,也为描述和解释译者主体性提供了大量的理论支持。译者主体性贯穿于翻译活动的全过程,不仅体现在译者对作品的理解、阐释和语言层面上的艺术再创造,也体现在对翻译文本的选择、翻译的文化目的、翻译策略等方面。译者主体性是指在尊重客观翻译环境的前提下,在充分认识和理解译入语文化需求的基础上,作为翻译主体的译者在整个翻译活动中所表现出来的主观能动性,具有目的性、受动性、创造性等特点。《傲慢与偏见》是英国小说家简·奥斯汀的第一部小说,也是最引人入胜的一部作品。在出版的多个汉译本中,王科一先生的译本和孙致礼先生的译本为广大读者所喜爱,两种译本各有特色。王科一译本洒脱、简洁、自由、流畅、地道、文采十足;孙致礼译本忠实、通顺、精确,异化色彩浓厚,具有浓郁的“异国情调”。对同一个文学文本,不同的译者往往有不同的翻译,造成这种现象最主要的还是主观的因素——译者的原因。在特定的社会文化、历史背景下,王科一、孙致礼在生活经历、个人能力、翻译动机和翻译思想等方面都存在着差异。这些译者主体性因素客观存在,并对他们的译作产生了不容忽视的影响。在两种译本中,译者主体性具体表现在三个层面:一是语言的形式和结构层面,包括对专有名词、普通词语和句子结构的处理;二是风格层面,包括叙事话语、对话和信件风格的再现;三是文化层面,包括宗教文化、政治文化和社会习俗文化的传递。从《傲慢与偏见》两个不同时期的汉译本的选词造句、风格传译和文化传递三个方面的分析,可以看出译本的差异和多样化在很大程度上是由于译者主体性的客观存在对译本的影响,译者主体性在翻译过程中具有重要作用。然而,这并不意味着译者有绝对的自由,可以胡译乱译,它仍受到意识形态和原文等客观因素的限制。
[Abstract]:Translator is the most active subject in translation activities. However, under the influence of the traditional text-centered translation theory, in order to convey the author's intention faithfully, the translator has to suppress his initiative as much as possible and strive to become the author and the faithful servant of the original work in the 1970s. In the West, there has been a "cultural turn" in translation studies, resulting in many translation theories focusing on Skopos language, including Skopos theory, polysystem theory and "manipulative school" theory. They pay attention to the creative position of the translator in translation and the importance of the translator's subjectivity. They also provide a lot of theoretical support for describing and explaining the translator's subjectivity. The subjectivity of the translator runs through the whole process of translation, not only in the translator's understanding of the work, interpretation and artistic re-creation at the linguistic level, but also in the choice of the translation text, the cultural purpose of translation, and the translation strategy. On the premise of respecting the objective translation environment and fully understanding the cultural needs of the target language, the translator's subjectivity means that the translator, as the subject of translation, has the subjective initiative and purpose in the whole translation activity. "Pride and Prejudice" is the first novel of British novelist Jane Austen and the most fascinating one. Among the published Chinese translations, the versions of Mr. Wang Keyi and Mr. Sun Zhili are popular among readers, and the two versions have their own characteristics. Wang Keyi's translation is free and easy, simple, free, fluent, authentic and literary; Sun Zhili's translation is faithful, smooth, accurate, and dissimilated, and has a strong "exotic atmosphere". For the same literary text, different translators often have different translations, which is mainly caused by subjective factors-the translator's reasons. Under the specific social culture and historical background, Wang Keyi and Sun Zhili are different in life experience, personal ability, translation motivation and translation thought. These subjective factors exist objectively and have a great influence on their translation. In the two versions, the translator's subjectivity is manifested at three levels: first, the form and structure of language, including the treatment of proper nouns, common words and sentence structures, and second, stylistic aspects, including narrative discourse. The third is the cultural aspect, including the transmission of religious culture, political culture and social custom culture. An analysis of the choice of words and sentences, style interpretation and cultural transmission of the Chinese translation of the two different periods of Pride and Prejudice. It can be seen that the difference and diversification of the translation is largely due to the influence of the translator's subjectivity on the translation, and the translator's subjectivity plays an important role in the translation process. However, this does not mean that the translator has the absolute freedom to translate indiscriminately. It is still restricted by the objective factors such as ideology and the original text.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：I046;H315.9

【引证文献】