西方文学文本理论研究
发布时间：2018-09-13 15:26
【摘要】：“文本”范畴大约出现在20世纪60年代，是巴特提出用来区分“文本”与“作品”这两个不同的范畴。 西方文学文本从上古时代古希腊开始一直到新古典主义，这个阶段主要关注文本是否是对世界的模仿，即文本与世界的关系；接着从1595年锡德尼发表的《诗辩》开始，一直到之后的两百年间，文本实用主义理论逐渐代替了模仿论的位置；1800年，华兹华斯发表《抒情歌谣集·序言》，标志着文本的表现论开始成熟，，一直持续了大约三四十年，主要关注的是作品与作者之间的关系；20世纪西方文本理论有两种形态，一种是立足于语言学模式下的文本内分析。俄国形式主义为了反对当时占主导地位的形象中心论和象征主义文论，立足于文本，提出了“陌生化”理论。英美新批评提出了文本“细读”的研究方法，并且列举出了很多具体的文本分析操作模式。而结构主义则利用结构主义语言学的成果分析文学文本，特别是在诗歌结构和小说叙述学方面有很丰富的理论成就，也在理论界产生了很大的影响。但是这三种理论流派都是研究封闭的文本其意义如何生成，遭到了后起学派的质疑和批判。 第二种是解释学模式，认为文本的意义的生成是不确定性的，虽然语言结构固定不变，但它的意义却无限多样。解构主义的巴特认为文本就是不断编织的结果，读者对于文本的理解就是重写文本。克里斯特娃提出了互文性，文本有现象文本与生成文本之分，前者是静态的物品，后者却是现象背后的深层结构，具有生产意义的功能，文本意义处于不断生成的过程当中。德里达认为文本是漂浮的能指，其意义产生于字词空间上的差异与时间上的无限延宕中，我们只能寻到意义的踪迹，却不能找到确定的意义。德曼则强调文本具有修辞性，文学艺术是一种修辞表达，文本分析硬立足作品，从多个角度分析其修辞手段，挖掘其无限多样的意义。所以说整个西方文学文本大致经历了从作品到文本、从自在到建构的两次转变。
[Abstract]:The category of "text", which appeared in the 1960's, was put forward by Bart to distinguish the two different categories of "text" and "works". Western literary texts from ancient Greece to Neo-classicism, this stage mainly focused on whether the text is the imitation of the world, that is, the relationship between the text and the world. Over the next two hundred years, textual pragmatism gradually took the place of imitation. In 1800, Wordsworth published the preface to the Collection of Lyric songs, which marked the beginning of maturity of the text's theory of expression, which lasted for about 30 to 40 years. The main concern is the relationship between the works and the author. There are two forms of the western text theory in the 20th century, one is the intra-text analysis based on the linguistic model. Russian formalism put forward the theory of "defamiliarization" in order to oppose the dominant image-centered theory and symbolism literary theory. Anglo-American New criticism puts forward the research method of "close reading" of text, and enumerates a lot of concrete operation modes of text analysis. Structuralism, on the other hand, makes use of the achievements of structuralist linguistics to analyze literary texts, especially in the aspects of poetic structure and novel narratology. But these three schools of theory are all studying the meaning of closed text, which has been questioned and criticized by the later school of thought. The second model is hermeneutics, which holds that the meaning of the text is uncertain. Although the language structure is fixed, the meaning of the text is infinitely diverse. The deconstructionist Bart thinks that the text is the result of continuous weaving, and the reader's understanding of the text is to rewrite the text. Kristeva put forward intertextuality, the text is divided into phenomenal text and generated text. The former is a static object, but the latter is the deep structure behind the phenomenon, which has the function of producing meaning, and the meaning of the text is in the process of continuous generation. Derrida thinks that text is a floating signifier, and its meaning comes from the difference in word space and the infinite delay in time. We can only find the trace of meaning, but we can not find the definite meaning. Derman emphasizes that the text is rhetorical and literary art is a rhetorical expression. Text analysis is based on the works and analyzes its rhetorical devices from many angles and excavates its infinite and diverse meanings. Therefore, the whole western literary texts have undergone two changes from works to texts, from freedom to construction.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I0
本文编号：2241571
[Abstract]:The category of "text", which appeared in the 1960's, was put forward by Bart to distinguish the two different categories of "text" and "works". Western literary texts from ancient Greece to Neo-classicism, this stage mainly focused on whether the text is the imitation of the world, that is, the relationship between the text and the world. Over the next two hundred years, textual pragmatism gradually took the place of imitation. In 1800, Wordsworth published the preface to the Collection of Lyric songs, which marked the beginning of maturity of the text's theory of expression, which lasted for about 30 to 40 years. The main concern is the relationship between the works and the author. There are two forms of the western text theory in the 20th century, one is the intra-text analysis based on the linguistic model. Russian formalism put forward the theory of "defamiliarization" in order to oppose the dominant image-centered theory and symbolism literary theory. Anglo-American New criticism puts forward the research method of "close reading" of text, and enumerates a lot of concrete operation modes of text analysis. Structuralism, on the other hand, makes use of the achievements of structuralist linguistics to analyze literary texts, especially in the aspects of poetic structure and novel narratology. But these three schools of theory are all studying the meaning of closed text, which has been questioned and criticized by the later school of thought. The second model is hermeneutics, which holds that the meaning of the text is uncertain. Although the language structure is fixed, the meaning of the text is infinitely diverse. The deconstructionist Bart thinks that the text is the result of continuous weaving, and the reader's understanding of the text is to rewrite the text. Kristeva put forward intertextuality, the text is divided into phenomenal text and generated text. The former is a static object, but the latter is the deep structure behind the phenomenon, which has the function of producing meaning, and the meaning of the text is in the process of continuous generation. Derrida thinks that text is a floating signifier, and its meaning comes from the difference in word space and the infinite delay in time. We can only find the trace of meaning, but we can not find the definite meaning. Derman emphasizes that the text is rhetorical and literary art is a rhetorical expression. Text analysis is based on the works and analyzes its rhetorical devices from many angles and excavates its infinite and diverse meanings. Therefore, the whole western literary texts have undergone two changes from works to texts, from freedom to construction.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I0
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
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2 乐黛云;多元文化与比较文学的发展[J];江苏社会科学;2003年01期
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