论弗莱文学人类学思想的形成过程

发布时间：2019-04-18 12:29

【摘要】：加拿大人文科学领域最杰出的学者——诺斯洛普·弗莱，在其经典的文学批评理论建立过程中，大量运用了人类学、历史学、心理学等学科知识，这种跨学科的创新研究，拓宽了传统的文学批评理论视域，从而，形成了一种大文化观的文学批评视野，人们后来通常把这种批评理论称之为“文学人类学批评”。追溯弗莱“文学人类学”理论的形成过程，我们发现，弗莱最早的文学人类学思想来源其自身的原始情结，其次在于其作为一位人类学家对自然的关注，在此基础上，弗莱通过对大量具体的文学作家作品及文学现象的分析，结合“退后看”的方法，形成了一种总体的文学观念；随后，在总体的文学观中，弗莱寻觅到了文学的神话“原型”，归纳出了文学发展史中的典型模式；进而通过对典型模式的总结，发现了文学对自然的模仿及文学发展过程中与自然循环规律的相似之处，这一理论的形成过程中，始终渗透着文学批评与人类学知识的交汇，由此形成了弗莱独特的文学人类学思想。我们知道，文学人类学是20世纪中国人文学界富于创新力的新兴学科，弗莱正是这一学科的奠基者之一，弗莱文学人类学思想的形成过程研究，不仅能使我们对这位文学批评家及其文学批评理论有更全面的认识，还能充实我们的文学人类学知识，使我们更全面的认识文学人类学这一学科的真实内涵，从而进一步把握和理解这一学科的历史发展过程，揭示人类生活及文化在文学中的关联和作用。同时，，为文艺学乃至整个人文社会科学研究提供一种创新的理论范式及综合性的研究方法。
[Abstract]:Northrop Frye, one of the most outstanding scholars in the field of human sciences in Canada, used a great deal of knowledge of anthropology, history, psychology and other disciplines in the course of establishing his classical literary criticism theory. It broadens the field of view of traditional literary criticism theory, and thus forms a kind of literary criticism field of view of broad cultural view, which is usually called "literary anthropological criticism" later. Tracing back to the formation of Frye's Theory of Literary Anthropology, we find that Frye's earliest thought of literary anthropology originated from his own primitive complex, followed by his concern for nature as an anthropologist, and on this basis, Through the analysis of a large number of concrete literary writers' works and literary phenomena, Frye formed a general literary concept by combining the method of "looking back". Later, in the overall view of literature, Frye found the myth of literature "archetypes", and summed up the typical model in the history of literature development; Through summarizing the typical models, the author finds out the similarities between literary imitation of nature and the law of natural circulation in the process of literary development. The formation of this theory always permeates the intersection of literary criticism and anthropological knowledge. As a result, Frye's unique thought of literary anthropology was formed. As we know, literary anthropology is a new and innovative discipline in the 20th century in Chinese humanities field. Frye is one of the founders of this discipline, and the formation process of Frye's thought of literary anthropology is studied. Not only can we have a more comprehensive understanding of this literary critic and his theory of literary criticism, but also can enrich our knowledge of literary anthropology, so that we can more comprehensively understand the true connotation of the subject of literary anthropology. So as to further grasp and understand the historical development process of this subject, reveal the relationship and role of human life and culture in literature. At the same time, it provides an innovative theoretical paradigm and comprehensive research method for literary and art studies and even the whole humanities and social sciences.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：I06

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