从狄更斯的《匹克威克外传》和老舍的《老张的哲学》中欣赏和比较幽默
发布时间：2019-07-04 19:31
【摘要】： 幽默是人类生活中到处可见的一种普遍现象。当前,许多幽默理论学家用生理学,心理学和社会学的角度来阐述幽默。但是这些理论只是帮助人们理解而不能用来定义幽默。幽默一直以来被人们从不同的角度研究分析。此论文试从对文学作品的分析来解析幽默。许多伟大的作家例如乔叟,塞万提斯,斯伍夫特,马克·吐温和莎士比亚在他们的作品中表现了幽默的天分。从幽默和文学的关系来看,有许多方面值得研究。 幽默在文学中表现手法,传统的研究侧重于这些技巧的分析:模仿,夸张,反转,嘲讽,双关,起绰号,谜语和文字游戏等。此文试从新的角度,通过《匹克威克外传》和《老张的哲学》这两部小说来欣赏和比较狄更斯和老舍的幽默。众所周知,狄更斯和老舍都是文学领域伟大的幽默家。虽然他们生活在不同的时代并且成长和生活经历不同,但是他们共有一个显著的特征:幽默。 狄更斯是英国伟大的小说家,幽默家。他在世界上享有名誉。自从林纾翻译的《块肉余生记》在中国出现,他就越来越受中国读者的欢迎。在学术界,狄更斯受关注的程度也越来越高。作为一个幽默家,他积极乐观的态度长远的影响了英国,但是与其他方面相比,从新的角度对他的幽默研究比较少。老舍也是一个伟大的幽默家。他在世界文学上享有很高的名声。当他在英国教书时候,就承认他受到狄更斯很大的影响。狄更斯的作品给了他灵感,促使他提笔大胆的写,《老张的哲学》就是在这种状态下创作成的。所以,另一方面,本文试从《匹克威克外传》和《老张的哲学》中找处他们幽默的相同点和不同点,探讨他们作品背后幽默的机制,并且试着提供幽默审美的新标准。 此文分为四个部分:第一章是介绍幽默。第二章介绍狄更斯和老舍以及对他们创作产生影响的因素。第三章主要是用新的角度欣赏和比较两部小说中的幽默:叙事角度和语言学角度,同时还结合了传统的幽默理论和心理分析方法。第四章试图讨论文学作品中使用幽默形式的成因,且得出结论:幽默反映了人的人生态度,是实现理想和诠释自我的一种方式。 总之,这篇论文试从新的角度欣赏和比较狄更斯的《匹克威克外传》和老舍的《老张的哲学》,给读者欣赏幽默提供了新的视角。同时从他们的幽默写法比较中,读者也可以得到一些有帮助性的启示:怎样在保持自己的文化底蕴下,也充分地吸收外来文化,这也为民族文化融入到世界文化做了一些小的探索。此外,幽默作为一种心态,从其社会和个人功能来说,在应对压力方面,也是值得读者思索和借鉴的。
[Abstract]:Humor is a common phenomenon that can be seen everywhere in human life. At present, many humor theorists use physiological, psychological and sociological perspectives to explain humor. But these theories only help people understand and cannot be used to define humor. Humor has always been studied and analyzed from different angles. This thesis tries to analyze humor from the analysis of literary works. Many great writers such as Chaucer, Cervantes, Swift, Mark Twain and Shakespeare show a talent for humor in their works. From the point of view of the relationship between humor and literature, there are many aspects worthy of study. The traditional study of humor in literature focuses on the analysis of these techniques: imitation, exaggeration, reversal, mockery, pun, nicknames, riddles and word games. From a new point of view, this paper tries to appreciate and compare the humor of Dickens and Lao she through the Biography of Pickwick and the philosophy of Lao Zhang. It is well known that Dickens and Lao she are both great humorists in the field of literature. Although they live in different times and grow up and live differently, they share a remarkable feature: humor. Dickens is a great British novelist and humorist. He enjoys fame in the world. Since Lin Shu's translation of the rest of his life appeared in China, he has been more and more popular with Chinese readers. In academia, Dickens is getting more and more attention. As a humorist, his positive and optimistic attitude has influenced Britain in the long run, but compared with other aspects, his humor has been studied less from a new perspective. Lao she is also a great humorist. He has a high reputation in world literature. When he taught in England, he admitted to being greatly influenced by Dickens. Dickens' work inspired him to write boldly, and it was in this state that Lao Zhang's philosophy was created. Therefore, on the other hand, this paper tries to find out the similarities and differences in their humor from the Biography of Pickwick and the philosophy of Lao Zhang, to explore the mechanism of humor behind their works, and to provide a new aesthetic standard of humor. This article is divided into four parts: the first chapter is the introduction of humor. The second chapter introduces Dickens and Lao she and the factors that affect their creation. The third chapter mainly appreciates and compares the humor in the two novels from a new perspective: narrative angle and linguistic point of view, and also combines the traditional humor theory and psychoanalysis methods. The fourth chapter attempts to discuss the causes of the use of humor in literary works, and draws the conclusion that humor reflects people's attitude towards life and is a way to realize ideal and interpret themselves. In a word, this paper tries to appreciate and compare Dickens' Pickwick biography and Lao she's Lao Zhang's philosophy from a new point of view, which provides a new perspective for readers to appreciate humor. At the same time, from the comparison of their humorous writing, readers can also get some helpful enlightenment: how to fully absorb foreign culture under maintaining their own cultural heritage, which also makes some small explorations for the integration of national culture into the world culture. In addition, humor, as a state of mind, from its social and personal functions, in coping with stress, is also worthy of readers to think about and draw lessons from.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：I106.4;I0-03
本文编号：2510168
[Abstract]:Humor is a common phenomenon that can be seen everywhere in human life. At present, many humor theorists use physiological, psychological and sociological perspectives to explain humor. But these theories only help people understand and cannot be used to define humor. Humor has always been studied and analyzed from different angles. This thesis tries to analyze humor from the analysis of literary works. Many great writers such as Chaucer, Cervantes, Swift, Mark Twain and Shakespeare show a talent for humor in their works. From the point of view of the relationship between humor and literature, there are many aspects worthy of study. The traditional study of humor in literature focuses on the analysis of these techniques: imitation, exaggeration, reversal, mockery, pun, nicknames, riddles and word games. From a new point of view, this paper tries to appreciate and compare the humor of Dickens and Lao she through the Biography of Pickwick and the philosophy of Lao Zhang. It is well known that Dickens and Lao she are both great humorists in the field of literature. Although they live in different times and grow up and live differently, they share a remarkable feature: humor. Dickens is a great British novelist and humorist. He enjoys fame in the world. Since Lin Shu's translation of the rest of his life appeared in China, he has been more and more popular with Chinese readers. In academia, Dickens is getting more and more attention. As a humorist, his positive and optimistic attitude has influenced Britain in the long run, but compared with other aspects, his humor has been studied less from a new perspective. Lao she is also a great humorist. He has a high reputation in world literature. When he taught in England, he admitted to being greatly influenced by Dickens. Dickens' work inspired him to write boldly, and it was in this state that Lao Zhang's philosophy was created. Therefore, on the other hand, this paper tries to find out the similarities and differences in their humor from the Biography of Pickwick and the philosophy of Lao Zhang, to explore the mechanism of humor behind their works, and to provide a new aesthetic standard of humor. This article is divided into four parts: the first chapter is the introduction of humor. The second chapter introduces Dickens and Lao she and the factors that affect their creation. The third chapter mainly appreciates and compares the humor in the two novels from a new perspective: narrative angle and linguistic point of view, and also combines the traditional humor theory and psychoanalysis methods. The fourth chapter attempts to discuss the causes of the use of humor in literary works, and draws the conclusion that humor reflects people's attitude towards life and is a way to realize ideal and interpret themselves. In a word, this paper tries to appreciate and compare Dickens' Pickwick biography and Lao she's Lao Zhang's philosophy from a new point of view, which provides a new perspective for readers to appreciate humor. At the same time, from the comparison of their humorous writing, readers can also get some helpful enlightenment: how to fully absorb foreign culture under maintaining their own cultural heritage, which also makes some small explorations for the integration of national culture into the world culture. In addition, humor, as a state of mind, from its social and personal functions, in coping with stress, is also worthy of readers to think about and draw lessons from.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：I106.4;I0-03
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 苗艳红;论老舍对狄更斯创作的借鉴与发展[D];山西大学;2011年
2 王丹丹;费伦“叙事判断”理论视域下狄更斯的海外慈善叙事[D];燕山大学;2012年
，本文编号：2510168
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